Lab - Osteology of the Neck Flashcards
The skeleton of the neck is formed by what 4 things?
cervical vertebrae
hyoid bone
manubrium of the sternum
clavicles
how many cervical vertebrae enclose the spinal cord and meninges in the neck?
7
what are the “typical” cervical vertebrae?
3rd - 6th
what are the “atypical” cervical vertebrae?
1st, 2nd, 7th
what 8 parts does a typical cervical vertebrae consist of?
Vertebral body
Vertebral arch
Vertebral foramen
Spinous process (split or bifid)
Transverse processes
Transverse foramina
Articulating processes
Intervertebral foramina
what do articulating processes form
joints between adjacent vertebrae
what does the transverse foramina contain
vertebral artery
what does the intervertebral foramina contain
spinal nerve
what does C1 (atlas) lack
a spinous process or body
what does C1 (atlas) consist of and what are they connected by
2 lateral masses connected by anterior and posterior arches
what does the superior articular facets of C1 (atlas) form with the skull’s occipital condyles
a joint
what is an identifying characteristic of C2 (axis)
a peg-like dens called the odontoid process
how does the odontoid process of C2 (axis) project?
superiorly from its body
C7 (vertebra prominens) has what kind of spinous process? It’s not what?
LONG
it is not bifid
C7 (vertebra prominens) has what kind of transverse processes and foramina?
large TP
small TF
what is the attachment for the trapezius
external occipital protuberance
what is the attachment for the SCM
mastoid process
what is the attachment for the posterior belly of digastric
mastoid (digastric) notch
what is the attachment for anterior belly of digastric
digastric fossa
what is the attachment for mylohyoid
mylohyoid line
what is the attachment for geniohyoid
mental spines/genial tubercles
what do AP projections help to visualize?
pathology relating to C3-C7 (can demonstrate compression fractures or herniated intervertebral disks)
the odontoid/peg/open mouth AP projection is an AP projection of what?
what is the patient doing?
AP projection of C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis)
Patient’s mouth is open
what are the 3 axial/cross sectional levels in the neck we will look at in CT images?
at the level of the:
1. thyroid gland
2. thyroid cartilage of larynx
3. hyoid bone and mandible
