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VMS 2004 > Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Mycoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

What does mycoplasma tend to cause?

A

respiratory diseases

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2
Q

What are the four main types of pneumonia?

A
  • Bronchial
  • interstitial
  • granulomatous
  • embolic
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3
Q

What are the two main classes?

A
  • mycoplasma
  • ureaplasma
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4
Q

Main points surrounding the structure of mycoplasma?

A
  • Very simple
  • double stranded circular DNA
  • No cell wall
  • Plasma membrane that is key in antibiitic resistance and has variable surface antigens
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5
Q

Why do mycoplasma need to spread through aerosols?

A

they do not last a long time in the environment unless they have a biofilm

spread by mucousal commensals or aerososl

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6
Q

What are the 6 main lesions you see in mycoplasma?

A
  • conjunctivitis
  • arthritis
  • endometritis
  • otitis
  • sinusitis
  • mastitis
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7
Q

What are the two main mycoplasma in cows?

A
  • Mycoplasma bovis- causes enzoonotic pneumonia
  • mycoplasma mycoides- bovine contagious pleuropneumonia (herpes virus)
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8
Q

In what cows does high mortality of bovis occur?

A

bison

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9
Q

What is the main pathogenesis of mycoplasma?

A
  1. They attach to cillia in order to become cillia
  2. This reduces cillia function
  3. ROS is then produced
  4. This causes tissue damage
  5. Immune system is triggered
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10
Q

What are the clinical signs of pulomary mycoplasma?

A
  1. Dyspnoea
  2. Mucus secretion
  3. Abnormal posture
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11
Q

What are the clinical signs of arthritic mycoplasma?

A

Lameness

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of otitis mycoplasma?

A
  • Circling
  • abnormal head posture
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13
Q

What bacteria is usually a differential for mycoplasma?

A

Pasteurella
(shipping fever)

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14
Q

What does mycoplasma mycoides cause?

A

Bovine contagious pleuropneumonia

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15
Q

Where is mycoplasma mycoides endemic?

A

It is endemic in africa due to low vaccination campaigns

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16
Q

What three mycoplasmas occur in sheep?

A
  • Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma conjunctivae
  • Mycoplasma agalactiae
17
Q

What does mycoplasma ovipneumoniae look like?

A
  • Suppurative bronchopneumonia
  • Bronchiectasis
18
Q

What does mycoplasma capricolum cause in goats?

A

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

19
Q

What are the clinical signs of mycoplasma agalactiae?

A
  • Septicaemia localised in the mammary gland
  • Animals are more susceptible if lactating
20
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in pigs?

A
  • Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma hyorinis
21
Q

What mycoplasma occurs in horses?

A

Mycoplasma equirhinis

22
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in dogs?

A
  • Mycoplasma cynos
  • Mycoplasma haemocanis
23
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in cats?

A
  • Mycoplasma felis
  • Mycoplasma haemofelis
24
Q

What are the two types of ‘soft skin’ mycoplasma?

A
  • Mycoplasma
  • Ureaplasma
25
Q

What type of parsite is mycoplasma?

A

Extracellular parasite

26
Q

What is the pathogenesis of mycoplasma?

A
  1. Attaches to the host cell
  2. Prevents mucocilliary clearnce
  3. Produces ROS and Toxins- tissue damage
  4. Triggers the immune system (chemokines/ cytokines)
  5. Invades other tissues
  6. Causes an autoimmune reaction
27
Q

What is the issue with bacteriology?

A
  • Slow growing
  • Difficult to culture
28
Q

What are the four ways you could diagnose mycoplasma?

A
  1. Bacteriology
  2. IHC
  3. PCR
  4. Serology
29
Q

What are the three clinical signs of m.bovis suppurative bronchopneumonia?

A
  • Caseous necrosis
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Abscess formation
30
Q

What are the 5 differentials for m.bovis?

A
  1. Mannheimia haemolytica
  2. Biberstinia trelahosi
  3. Pasteurella Multocida
  4. Histophilus somni
  5. Aspiration pneumonia
31
Q

What is mycoplasma ovipneumoniae also known as?

A

Big horn sheep pneumonia

32
Q

What is mycoplasma capricolum also known as?

A

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

33
Q

What does contagious capricolum look like grossly?

A
  • Fibrous pleupneumonia
  • Polyarthritis
  • Bronchiectasis
34
Q

What does mycoplasma agalactiae look like grossly?

A
  • Lymphohistiocytic interstitial mastitis
  • Lymphoid follicles
  • Severe fibrosis
35
Q

What does mycoplasma conjunctivcae go on to cause?

A

Infectious keratoconjunctivitis

36
Q

What does Mycoplasma hyopneumonia look like grossly?

A

Firm, Rubbery, Pale to Red-Tan
Bronchiectasis

37
Q

What does mycoplasma cynos look like grossly?

A
  • Lung lobes are grey/ plum coloured
  • Perivascular and peribronchiolar lymphohistiocytic infiltrates
  • Sloughing of epithelial cells into the airway lumina
38
Q

What does mycoplasma cynos cause in puppies?

A

lethal bronchopneumonia

VMS 2004 (34 decks)

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