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VMS 2004 > Mycoplasma > Flashcards

Mycoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

What does mycoplasma tend to cause?

A

respiratory diseases

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2
Q

What are the four main types of pneumonia?

A
  • Bronchial
  • interstitial
  • granulomatous
  • embolic
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3
Q

What are the two main classes?

A
  • mycoplasma
  • ureaplasma
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4
Q

Main points surrounding the structure of mycoplasma?

A
  • Very simple
  • double stranded circular DNA
  • No cell wall
  • Plasma membrane that is key in antibiitic resistance and has variable surface antigens
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5
Q

Why do mycoplasma need to spread through aerosols?

A

they do not last a long time in the environment unless they have a biofilm

spread by mucousal commensals or aerososl

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6
Q

What are the 6 main lesions you see in mycoplasma?

A
  • conjunctivitis
  • arthritis
  • endometritis
  • otitis
  • sinusitis
  • mastitis
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7
Q

What are the two main mycoplasma in cows?

A
  • Mycoplasma bovis- causes enzoonotic pneumonia
  • mycoplasma mycoides- bovine contagious pleuropneumonia (herpes virus)
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8
Q

In what cows does high mortality of bovis occur?

A

bison

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9
Q

What is the main pathogenesis of mycoplasma?

A
  1. They attach to cillia in order to become cillia
  2. This reduces cillia function
  3. ROS is then produced
  4. This causes tissue damage
  5. Immune system is triggered
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10
Q

What are the clinical signs of pulomary mycoplasma?

A
  1. Dyspnoea
  2. Mucus secretion
  3. Abnormal posture
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11
Q

What are the clinical signs of arthritic mycoplasma?

A

Lameness

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of otitis mycoplasma?

A
  • Circling
  • abnormal head posture
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13
Q

What bacteria is usually a differential for mycoplasma?

A

Pasteurella
(shipping fever)

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14
Q

What does mycoplasma mycoides cause?

A

Bovine contagious pleuropneumonia

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15
Q

Where is mycoplasma mycoides endemic?

A

It is endemic in africa due to low vaccination campaigns

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16
Q

What three mycoplasmas occur in sheep?

A
  • Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma conjunctivae
  • Mycoplasma agalactiae
17
Q

What does mycoplasma ovipneumoniae look like?

A
  • Suppurative bronchopneumonia
  • Bronchiectasis
18
Q

What does mycoplasma capricolum cause in goats?

A

Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia

19
Q

What are the clinical signs of mycoplasma agalactiae?

A
  • Septicaemia localised in the mammary gland
  • Animals are more susceptible if lactating
20
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in pigs?

A
  • Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
  • Mycoplasma hyorinis
21
Q

What mycoplasma occurs in horses?

A

Mycoplasma equirhinis

22
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in dogs?

A
  • Mycoplasma cynos
  • Mycoplasma haemocanis
23
Q

What two mycoplasmas occur in cats?

A
  • Mycoplasma felis
  • Mycoplasma haemofelis
24
Q

What are the two types of ‘soft skin’ mycoplasma?

A
  • Mycoplasma
  • Ureaplasma
25
What type of parsite is mycoplasma?
Extracellular parasite
26
What is the pathogenesis of mycoplasma?
1. Attaches to the host cell 2. Prevents mucocilliary clearnce 3. Produces ROS and Toxins- tissue damage 4. Triggers the immune system (chemokines/ cytokines) 5. Invades other tissues 6. Causes an autoimmune reaction
27
What is the issue with bacteriology?
* Slow growing * Difficult to culture
28
What are the four ways you could diagnose mycoplasma?
1. Bacteriology 2. IHC 3. PCR 4. Serology
29
What are the three clinical signs of m.bovis suppurative bronchopneumonia?
* Caseous necrosis * Bronchiectasis * Abscess formation
30
What are the 5 differentials for m.bovis?
1. Mannheimia haemolytica 2. Biberstinia trelahosi 3. Pasteurella Multocida 4. Histophilus somni 5. Aspiration pneumonia
31
What is mycoplasma ovipneumoniae also known as?
Big horn sheep pneumonia
32
What is mycoplasma capricolum also known as?
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
33
What does contagious capricolum look like grossly?
* Fibrous pleupneumonia * Polyarthritis * Bronchiectasis
34
What does mycoplasma agalactiae look like grossly?
* Lymphohistiocytic interstitial mastitis * Lymphoid follicles * Severe fibrosis
35
What does mycoplasma conjunctivcae go on to cause?
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis
36
What does Mycoplasma hyopneumonia look like grossly?
Firm, Rubbery, Pale to Red-Tan Bronchiectasis
37
What does mycoplasma cynos look like grossly?
* Lung lobes are grey/ plum coloured * Perivascular and peribronchiolar lymphohistiocytic infiltrates * Sloughing of epithelial cells into the airway lumina
38
What does mycoplasma cynos cause in puppies?
lethal bronchopneumonia

VMS 2004 (34 decks)

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