Musculoskeletal Chapter 9 Flashcards
Define osteoblasts
bone forming cells
Define osteoclasts
cells that reabsorb bone
What is the shaft of the bone is called
Diaphysis
What are the four basic functions of skeletal muscle:
a. Facilitate body movement by muscle contraction
b. Maintain body position by continuing muscle tone
c. To stabilize the joints and prevent excessive movement
d. To maintain body temperature by producing heat through
What are mature bone cells called?
Osteocytes
What is the difference between the epiphyseal plate and the epiphyseal line?
The epiphyseal plate is the site of longitudinal bone growth in children and adolescents before ossification. After ossification, it becomes the epiphyseal line.
What is the purpose of synovial fluid?
To facilitate movement at the joints. It prevents the articular cartilage on the two surfaces from damaging each other and also provides nutrient to the articular cartilage
The visualization of the joint space by inserting a lens directly into the joint.
Arthroscopy
a tear in a ligament
Sprain
a tear in a tendon
Strain
An abnormal rounded curvature of the upper back/spine. Also referred to as hunchback or humpback.
Kyphosis
An abnormal sideways curvature of the spine
Scoliosis
A metabolic disorder resulting in loss of bone density due to loss of calcium salts.
osteoporosis
What are the predisposing factors for osteoporosis
a. Aging
b. Decreased Mobility or sedentary lifestyle
c. Hormonal factors (hyperparathyroidism, cushing’s syndrome, or continued intake of catabolic glucocorticoids such as prednisone)
d. Calcium, Vitamin D or protein deficits
e. Cigarette smoking
f. Small light bone structure as in Asian and Caucasian persons
g. Excessive caffeine intake
Progressive bone disease that occurs in adults older than 40 years. Excessive bone destruction occurs with replacement of bone by fibrous tissue and abnormal bone.
What is Paget’s Disease
of paget’s disease increases the risk of certain types of bone tumors
