Medical Terminology Focus Points- Respiratory System Flashcards
Are found in the lungs, respiratory tract and middle ear. Have a rhythmic waving or beating motion
Cilia
Brady means?
Slow
Firm, whitish, flexible, connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and the articulating surfaces of joints
Cartilage
Resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints and is structural component in many parts of the body.
Cartilage
Dys means ?
Difficulty
ex: Dyspnea- difficult in breathing
EU means ?
Good, well
combining form
Property of cells, tissues, and organisms that allows the maintenance and regulation of the stability and consistently needed to function properly
Homeostasis
Ex; Regulating body temperature
What does Tachy mean?
Rapid
ex: tachycardia: rapid heartbeat
A build up of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest
Pleural Effusion
Located between the lungs T1-T12
Mediastinum
The action of listening to sounds from the heart, lungs, or other organs typically with a stethoscope
Auscultation
Method of tapping body parts with fingers, hands or small instrument as part of a physical examination
Percussion
What does COPD stand for?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
A group of lung disease that block air flow and make it difficult to breath, most common conditions that make up this disease is emphysema and chronic bronchitis
COPD- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lung causing the lung difficulty breathing
Asthma
Inflammation of lining of bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs
Chronic bronchitis
long-term progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath due to over inflammation of the alveoli
Emphysema
Air sacs in the are called ________?
Alveoli
Is the delicate membrane that covers the surface of each lung, and dips into the fissures between the lobes of the lung
Visceral Pleura
Is the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity “also separates the pleura cavity from the mediastinum”
Parietal Pleura
Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid
Pneumonia
The inhalation of air into the lungs “breathing in”
Inspiration
The act of releasing air “breathing out or letting carbon dioxide out”
Expiration
Complete or partial collapse of the lung or area of it occurs when tiny air sacs (alveoli) become deflated or filled with alveolar fluid
Atelectasis
Naso
Nasogastric tube ( a tube that is passed through the nose and to the stomach)
Tonsil/o
Tonsils are a set of lymphoid organs facing into the aerodigestive tract
A condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from abnormal breathing
Asphyxia
ex; asphyxia is choking
An absence of enough oxygen in the tissues to sustain bodily functions
Hypoxia
Pharyng/o
Throat (pharynx) wit
combining forms
Laryng/o
Denoting the larynx
superior to the trachea, anterior of the glottis
Windpipe and or airway
Trachea
A condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs, usually caused by a heart condition (CHF- congestive heart familiar)
Pulmonary edema
“Wet lung”
Where is the Carina bifurcation located?
T4-T5
Carina of trachea is a cartilaginous ridge within the trachea that runs anterior, posteriorly between the 2 primary bronchi at the site of the tracheal bifurcation at lower end of trachea
Pleur/o meaning
Sides, rib, lateral, pleura
ex; Thoracentesis also known as pleurocentesis, pleura fluid build up around lungs.
Pertaining to breathing, respiratory, the lungs
Pneum/o (Can mean air in lungs)
What is the mantoux test used for?
Used to determine if exposure to TB
Intradermal injection of tuberculin
Bluish or grayish color of the skin, nails, lips or around the eyes
Cyanosis
Measures how well your lungs work. Measures lung size, and air flow such as spirometry and lung volume tests.
Pulmonary Function Test
Lob/o (Lobectomy)
Surgical removal of a lobe of an organ such as the thyroid gland, lung or liver
Ortho/o
Straightening or erect
ex; Orthopnea: breathing easily only in an upright postion
Low level of oxygen in the blood “heart conditions, including heart defects, lung condition such as asthma, emphysema and bronchitis
Hypoxemia
Phren/o
Cost/o
Diaphragm
Ribs
ex; costophrenic- angle is where the ribs meet the diaphragm
What does lavage mean?
Washing out
ex: gastric lavage- washing out of the stomach to remove drug or poison
Procedure that lets doctors look at your lungs and air passage. Thin tube is passed through your nose, mouth and down the throat into the lungs
Bronchoscopy
Procedure that look at larynx (voice box) including vocal cords, put through the mouth or nose and down throat
Laryngoscopy
Procedure to examine the mediastinum space behind the breast bone (sternum) in middle of chest between 2 lungs (surgical small instrument inserted with incision through the throat)
Mediastinoscopy
Pneumonectomy
Surgical procedure to remove a lung
Lobectomy
Removal of just one lobe of the lung
Wedge resection
Refers to the presence of inflammatory fluid or pus within the chest cavity, which is the area between the lungs and the inner of the ribs
Pyothorax
Ptysis
Spitting/the ejection of saliva from the mouth
Usually air between the layers of tissue in the lung (chest) which causes the lung to collapse
Pneumothorax
Is a region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid instead of air
Consolidation
BID
twice a day
TID
three times a day
QOD
every other day
PRN
as needed
NPO
nothing by mouth
Palliative, QD
everyday
A tumor of the tissue that lines the lungs, stomach, heart, and other organs
Mesothelioma
Is considered a radiation therapy medical emergency and the patient must be treated asap to shrink the tumor to keep it from compressing the SVC (Superior Vena Cava Syndrome)
The tumor which most likely is located in the right lung starts compressing on the superior vena cava which carries de-oxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the heart.
Is a type of pleural effusion in which transudate accumulates in the pleural cavity. Likely to develop secondary
Hydrothorax
An accumulation of blood within the pleural cavity. Symptoms- chest pain, difficulty breathing
Derived from hemo-blood + thorax chest
Hemothorax
Collection of pus in the pleural cavity, gram-positive, or culture from the pleurial fluid
ex; associated with pneumonia but can develop after surgery
Empyema
Bacteria disease, effects the lungs and spreads when infected person coughs or sneezes
Tuberculosis
Is the wedge-shaped area on the central portion of each lung, located on the medial aspect of each lung
Hilum of the lung
Bone & cartilage of nose, separates nasal cavity into 2 nostrils
Nasal Septum
Septum = central
Nasal Passage = symmetrical
Phonia
defined as sound
ex; dysphonia- means unable to produce sounds through speech
Capnia
curious, comes from the Greek word Kapnos- referring to carbon dioxide
ex; hypcapnia- less than normal level of carbon dioxide in blood
Sprio
Respiration
combining form
A hole that surgeons make through the front of the neck and into the windpipe
Tracheostomy, Tracheotomy
A drug that shrinks the swollen membrane in the most, making it easier for a person to breath
Decongestant
Drug that causes widening of the bronchi, any of those taken by inhalation for the alleviation of asthma
Bronchodilator
Antitussives
Expectorants
Cough suppressants- relieve cough by blocking cough reflex
Thin mucus, treat many symptoms at same time “multi-symptom cold medicine”
