Muscular System Flashcards
Name the 12 voluntary muscles
Deltoid. Gluteals Pectoralis major. Hip flexors Latissimus dorsi. Quadriceps Biceps. Hamstring Triceps. Gastrocnemius External obliques. Tibialis anterior
What is the location and the function of the gluteals
In the middle of the body at the back, forming the bottom
Adduct and extend the leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards
What is the location and the function of the hamstring
At the top of each leg at the back
Flex the legs at the knees
What is the location and the function of the gastrocnemius
At the bottom of each leg at the back. Also known as the calf muscle.
Point the toes ( plantar-flexion) at the ankle
What is the location and the function of the latissimus dorsi
At the back of the body, either side of the chest.
Pull you arms down at the shoulders and behind your back ( adduct and extend
What is the location and the function of the triceps
At the top each a rm at the back
Extend the arm at the elbow
What is the location and the function of the deltoids
In the upper part of the body, covering the shoulders
Raise the arms in all directions at the shoulders
What is the location and the function of the biceps
At the top of each arm at the front
Flex the arm at the elbow
What is the location and the function of the quadriceps
At the top of each leg at the front
Extend the leg at the knee
What is the location and the function of the pectorails major
In the upper part of the chest at the front
Adduct the arm at the shoulder
What is the location and the function of the external obliques
The side of the abdomen
Pull the chest downwards. Flex and rotate the spinal column
What is the location and the function of the tibialis anterior
Runs down the shin
Pull the toes up towards the shin ( dorsi-flexion)
What is the location and the function of the hip flexors
Sit deep in the front of the hip and connect the leg
Flex the hip, help the leg and knee up towards the body
What are voluntary muscles
Voluntary muscles are under your control
You can chose when to contract and relax them
They can only pull, they do this when contracting
What are involuntary muscles
We cannot control your involuntary muscles
They contract and relax via our nervous system
Spin-dal shape fibres
How do involuntary muscles help us in sport
My the blood vessels contracting and relaxing it pushes blood around the body allowing oxygen to be pumped round the body
What is a cardiac muscle
The fibres send electrical signals to the heart to allow it to beat at the correct pace
What are antagonistic pairs
2 muscles working together allowing movement
What muscle is the agonist
The one that is working
Getting angry
When a muscle relaxes what is the name of the contraction
Antagonist
What are the 3 antagonistic pairs that we need to know
Bicep-tricep
Tibias anterior- gastroneiums
Quadricep-hamstring
What are slow twitch fibre
Have a slow contraction but a high resistance to fatigue
These are called type 1
What is a fast twitch fibre type 11A
Split atp at a fast rate by using both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism and thus producing strong fast contractions
800m race
Fast twitch fibre type 1b
Produce atp at a slow rate by anaerobic metabolism and breaks it down very quickly. This results in extremely fast muscle contraction so therefore produce short fast bursts of power and rapid fatigue
