Muscoskeletal system Flashcards
What is the muscular system what does it consist of?
The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their
predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are
responsible for movement. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction. Exceptions to this
are the action of cilia, the flagellum on sperm cells, and amoeboid movement of
some white blood cells.
How is movement developed in the body?
The integrated action of joints, bones, and skeletal muscles produces obvious movements such as walking and running. Skeletal muscles also produce
more subtle movements that result in facial expressions, eye
movements, and respiration. In addition to movement, muscle contraction also fulfills some other important functions in
the body, such as posture, joint stability, and heat production.
What is the function of the muscular system?
The muscular system consists of various types of muscle that each play a crucial role in the function of the body.
What are the types of muscles in the body?
smooth, skeletal, cardiac muscles.
What are the skeletal muscles?
They are attached to bones, and contracting the muscles causing movement of those
bones
They do act as voluntary Any action that a person consciously undertakes involves the
use of skeletal muscles.
What are the cardiac muscles?
Located only in the heart
Cardiac muscle pumps blood around the body.
Stimulates its own contractions that form our heartbeat.
Signals from the nervous system control the rate of contraction.
Cardiac muscle are strong and acts involuntarily.
What are the smooth muscles?
lines the inside of blood vessels and organs, such as the stomach, and is also known as
visceral muscle.
weakest type of muscle but has an essential role in moving food along the digestive tract
and maintaining blood circulation through the
blood vessels.
Smooth muscle acts involuntarily and cannot
be consciously controlled.
What is the human skeletal system?
is the internal framework of the body, consisting of bones, cartilages and other connective tissues. Bone is a hard, connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton which is the support structure of the body. Cartilage is semi-rigid form of connective tissue that provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement
It is composed of around 270 bones at birth, this total decrease to around 206 bones by adulthood.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
1/ Giving your body shape: Your
skeleton supports the weight of your body. It’s also the anchor for all the tissue that connects to it.
2/Protecting your organs: The humanskeleton is like a built-in suit of armor for organs throughout your body. Your skull protects your brain, your ribs shield protect your heart and lungs, and the vertebrae in your spine keep your spinal
cord safe.
3/Creating new blood cells: Bone marrow at the center of some of your bones produces new red blood cells and
white blood cells your body needs to stay healthy.
4/Movement: Works with the muscular system to allow movement. Bones serve
as levers and joints act as pivot points for muscle action.
5/Storing minerals: Your bones hold your body’s supply of important minerals like calcium and vitamin D.
How do the muscular and skeletal system interact?
Muscle and skeletal systems interact through mechanical and biochemical signals. Muscle contraction exerts forces on bones via tendons, they can stimulate bone growth via collagen stretching, thus enhancing bone density and strength. This is guided by mechanical straining sensed by cells, which turns into biochemical signals that promote muscle
hypertrophic. Th relationship is reciprocal.
What is tendinitis?
Tendinitis is inflammation of the thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone.
These cords are called tendons. The condition causes pain and
tenderness just outside a joint.
Tendinitis can occur in any tendon. But it’s most common around shoulders,
elbows, wrists, knees and heels.
Symptoms:
- Pain, often described as a dull ache, especially when moving the hurt limb or
joint - Tenderness
- Mild swelling
What is ostoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition. It causes pain,
swelling and stiffness, affecting a person’s ability to move
freely.
Symptoms :
Pain , Stiffness, Tenderness, Loss of flexibility, Grating
sensation, Bone spurs, Swelling
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis is a type of arthritis where your immune system attacks the tissue lining the joints on both sides of your body. It may affect other parts of your body too. The exact cause is unknown.
Symptoms:
- Pain, swelling, stiffness and tenderness in more than one joint.
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting for long periods.
- Pain and stiffness in the same joints on both sides of your body.
- Fatigue (extreme tiredness).
- Weakness.
- Fever.
What is carpal tunnel?
Carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most common hand
conditions. It is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the carpal tunnel of the wrist. When the median nerve is
compressed,
symptoms can include numbness, tingling and weakness in the
thumb and fingers.
