Integumentary system

Question 1

Structure of the hair?

Answer 1

hair follicle, bulb, papilla.

Question 2

Hair follicle?

Answer 2

The hair follicle is a tunnel-like segment located in the dermis. It is the site where hair growth begins and houses the hair root. The follicle is surrounded by connective tissue.

Question 3

Bulb description?

Answer 3

The bulb is at the base of the follicle. It is where living cells divide and grow to build the hair shaft.

Question 4

Papilla description?

Answer 4

Located at the base of the bulb, the papilla contains capillaries that supply nutrients to the growing hair.

Question 5

What are the phases of hair growth?

Answer 5

anagen, catagen, telogen.

Question 6

Anagen phase description?

Answer 6

This is the active growth phase where cells in the hair bulb divide rapidly, adding length to the hair. This phase can last several years (typically 2-6 years).

Question 7

Catagen phase description?

Answer 7

The transitional stage lasts a few weeks. Hair growth stops, and the hair follicle shrinks and detaches from the dermal papilla.

Question 8

Telogen phase description?

Answer 8

This phase lasts several months. The hair is shed from the scalp, and the follicle remains inactive before re-entering the anagen phase.

Question 9

What is the epidermis and what does it consist of?

Answer 9

-Outermost layer, acts as a protective barrier.
* Contains keratinocytes, which produce keratin, and melanocytes, which produce melanin for skin color.
* Has five sub-layers, with the stratum corneum as the outermost, constantly shedding dead skin cells.

Question 10

What is the dermis?

Answer 10

• Middle layer, providing strength and elasticity.
• Contains collagen and elastin fibers, blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.
• Supports thermoregulation and sensation.

Question 11

What is the eccrine gland?

Answer 11

These are the most common type of sweat gland, found all over the body. They produce a clear, odorless sweat that helps regulate body temperature.

Question 12

What is the apocrine gland?

Answer 12

These glands are located in the armpits, groin, and other areas with hair follicles. They produce a thicker sweat that contains proteins and fats, which can be broken down by bacteria to produce body odor.

Question 13

What are the sebaceous glands?

Answer 13

These glands produce sebum, an oily substance that helps to lubricate the skin and hair, and prevent water loss. Sebaceous glands are found all over the body except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.

Question 14

What are the ceruminous glands?

Answer 14

These glands are located in the ear canal and produce earwax, which helps to protect the ear from dust, dirt, and other foreign particles.

Question 15

What are the mammalian glands?

Answer 15

These glands are located in the breasts of females and produce milk to nourish infants.

Question 16

What are the general functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 16

protection, sensation, temperature regulation, excretion.

Question 17

How does it provide protection?

Answer 17

Acts as a barrier against physical injury, harmful microorganisms, chemicals, and UV radiation.

Question 18

How does it provide sensation?

Answer 18

Contains sensory receptors that detect touch, temperature, pain, and pressure, allowing the body to respond to external stimuli.

Question 19

How does it provide temp regulation?

Answer 19

Maintains body temperature by producing sweat (cooling effect) and controlling blood flow to the skin.

Question 20

How does it help with excretion?

Answer 20

Helps remove waste products (like salts and urea) through sweat, which also aids in regulating the body’s salt and water balance.

Question 21

Why is the integumentary system important?

Answer 21

The integumentary system is our body’s interface with the environment, adapting to physical and environmental changes while shielding us from infections and wear. It maintains homeostasis, adjusting to changes in temperature, humidity, and more. This system also plays a key role in non-verbal communication, like blushing or skin tone changes, reflecting our emotions.

Question 22

How does the integumentary system impact our overall health.

Answer 22

Healthy skin reflects overall health, often indicating underlying conditions. By aiding thermoregulation and nutrient synthesis, the integumentary system supports other body systems, highlighting its essential role in our physical, emotional, and social well-being.

Question 23

Integumentary system conditions:

Answer 23

Acne, Psoriasis.

Question 24

Acne definition:

Answer 24

A condition that is frequently
brought on by hormonal fluctuations in which hair follicles become blocked with oil and dead skin cells, resulting in
pimples, blackheads, and cysts.

Question 25

Psoriasis definition:

Answer 25

An autoimmune condition that results in red, scaly patches due to a rapid turnover of skin cells. It can show up on jthe scalp, joints, and other regions of the
body.