Cellular division Flashcards
What is the first characteristic of life?
The first characteristic of life we listed was cellular
organization. This simply means that living things are made
of cells. Cells are the most basic unit of life. It doesn’t
matter if those cells are plants, animals, fungi, or bacteria.
What are the two groups living cells are divided to?
Based on the organization of their cellular
structures, all living cells can be divided into two
groups: prokaryotic and eukaryotic (also spelled
procaryotic and eucaryotic). Animals, plants, fungi,
protozoans, and algae all possess eukaryotic cell
types. Only bacteria have prokaryotic cell types.
Why is cellular organization important?
Living organisms need to do things in order to survive.
Different parts of the body take care of chores to
keep itself running. All parts work together in
harmony to keep the animal alive.
What are the levels of organization?
An organism is made up of four levels of
organization: cells, tissues, organs, and organ
systems. These levels reduce complex
anatomical structures into groups; this
organization makes the components easier to
understand.
What are the complex levels of organization?
Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
What are the characteristic of cellular organization?
Those characteristics are:
cellular organization,
reproduction,
metabolism,
homeostasis,
heredity,
response to stimuli,
growth and development,
and adaptation through evolution.
What is reproduction in cells?
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the
biological process by which new individual
organisms – “offspring” – are produced from their
“parent” or parents. There are two forms of
reproduction: asexual and sexual.
What is metabolism?
Metabolism refers to the whole sum of reactions that occur throughout the body within each cell and that provide the body with energy. This energy gets used for vital processes and the synthesis of new organic material.
What are the types of metabolism?
Catabolism – the breakdown of food components (such as carbohydrates, proteins and dietary fats) into their simpler forms, which can then be used to provide energy and the basic building blocks needed for growth and repair.
* Anabolism – the part of metabolism in which our body is built or repaired.
What is homeostasis?
A state of balance among all the body systems
needed for the body to survive and function
correctly.
Homeostasis is the tendency of an organism to
maintain a stable internal state. It is a more neutral
and descriptive concept than control or regulation.
What is heredity?
the passing on of genes and genetic traits from parent to
offspring.
the passing of genetic information from parent to child
through the genes in sperm and egg cells.
What are the types of inheritance?
- Dominant.
- Recessive.
- Co-dominant.
What is response to stimuli?
Response to stimuli is most often corrective action, which is a response that annuls the cause that triggered the stimuli in the first place. This type of mechanism is known as a negative feedback loop. When a response amplifies the initiating stimuli, the mechanism is known as a positive feedback loop. Stimuli can be external or internal.
What is the path for a response to stimuli?
stimulus, receptor, signal transduction, effector, response
What is growth and development?
growth is defined as an irreversible constant
increase in size, and development is defined as
growth in psychomotor capacity. Both processes
are highly dependent on genetic, nutritional, and
environmental factors.
