Muscles of the head Flashcards
What do muscles of facial expression originate from?
Bone or fascia
What do muscles of facial expression insert into?
Skin
Where are muscles of facial expression located in terms of the tissue surrounding them?
In the subcutaneous tissue
How do muscles of facial expression exert their effects?
By pulling on the skin
What are the groups of muscles of the head?
Muscles of facial expression
Muscles of mastication
What are the muscles of facial expression?
Occipitofrontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Oribicularis oris
Buccinator
Zygomaticus, risorius
(platysma, even though it is in the neck)
What is the structure of occipitofrontalis?
Two bellies
- occipital
- frontal
Where is the frontal belly of occipitofrontalis located?
Above the eyebrows on the forehead
Where is the occpital belly of occipitofrontalis located?
Back of head over occipital bone
What innervates the frontal belly of occipitofrontalis?
Facial nerve - termporal branch
What innervates the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis?
Facial nerve - posterior auricular branch
What is the action of occipitofrontalis?
Elevates eyebrows
Wrinkles skin of forehead
How is occipitofrontalis examined?
Hold patient’s eyebrows down
ask them to raise there eyebrows against resistance
What is the structure of orbicularis oculi?
Two parts
- orbital part
- palpebral part
Where is the palpebral part of orbicularis oculi located?
Immediately around the eye
Where is the orbital part of orbicularis oculi located?
Around the palpebral part
What innervates orbicularis oculi?
Facial nerve - temporal and zygomatic branches
What is the action of the palpebral part of orbicularis oculi?
Close the eyes gently e.g. when blinking, sleeping
What is the action of the orbital part of orbicularis oculi?
Close the eyes tightly
How is orbicularis oculi examined?
Hold patient’s eyes open
Ask them to close their eyes against that resistance
Where is orbicularis oris located?
Around the opening of the mouth
What innervates orbicularis oris?
Facial nerve - buccal branch
What is the action of the oribularis oris?
Closes the mouth
Puckers the lips
How is orbicularis oris examined?
Inspect the mouth for drooping angle
if drooping, means the muscle isn’t working
