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Head and Neck > CN5 Trigeminal nerve > Flashcards

CN5 Trigeminal nerve Flashcards

1
Q

What is cranial nerve 5?

A

Trigeminal nerve

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2
Q

What is the route of the CN5 trigeminal nerve from its origin to its innervation?

A

Trigeminal ganglion lateral to cavernous sinus

divides into branches

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3
Q

How many branches of the CN5 trigeminal nerve are there?

A

Three

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4
Q

What are the branches of the CN5 trigeminal nerve?

A

Opthalmic

Maxillary

Mandibular

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5
Q

What is the route of the opthalmic division of the CN5 trigeminal nerve from its origin to its innervation?

A

Passes through cavernous sinus
through superior orbital fissure
into orbit

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6
Q

What is the route of the maxillary division of the CN5 trigeminal nerve from its origin to its innervation?

A

Passes through cavernous sinus
through foramen rotundum
into the pterygopalatine fossa

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7
Q

What is the route of the mandibular division of the CN5 trigeminal nerve from its origin to its innervation?

A

Passes through foramen ovale

into the infratemporal fossa

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8
Q

What are the functions of the CN5 trigeminal nerve?

A

General sensory - opthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches supply corresponding regions of face

Motor - mandibular branch supplies muscles of mastication

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9
Q

What are the causes of damage to the cutaneous branches of the CN5 trigeminal nerve?

A

Facial trauma

Orbital trauma

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10
Q

How are the functions of the CN5 trigeminal nerve tested?

A

General sensory - test sensation in dermatomal areas relating to opthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches, corneal reflex

Motor - test muscles of mastication

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11
Q

What is the corneal reflex?

A

Gently touching the cornea

should cause blinking of both eyes

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12
Q

Whar are the nerves involved in the corneal reflex?

A

General sensory - trigeminal nerve, opthalmic branch on same side

Motor - facial nerve, temporal and zygomatic branches supplying orbicularis oculi on both sides

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13
Q

What is an important branch of the maxillary branch of the CN5 trigeminal nerve?

A

Infraorbital nerve

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14
Q

What is the function of the infra-orbital nerve?

A

General sensory - lateral nose, lower eyelid, upper lip

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15
Q

What is the route of the infra-orbital nerve from its origin to its innervation?

A

Passes over floor of orbit

then through the infra-orbital foramen

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16
Q

What are the causes of damage to the infra-orbital nerve?

A

Fracture of floor of orbit

17
Q

How does damage to the infra-orbital nerve present?

A

Loss of sensation over lower eyelid, lateral nose and upper lip

18
Q

What are the most important branches of the mandibular branch of the CN5 trigeminal nerve?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

Lingual nerve

19
Q

What is the route of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A

Enters mandibular foramen
travels through the mandible bone
emerges from the mental foramen

20
Q

What is the continuation of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A

Mental nerve

21
Q

Where does the inferior alveolar nerve become the mental nerve?

A

When it emerges from the mental foramen

22
Q

What are the functions of the mental nerve?

A

General sensory - chin, lower lip

23
Q

What is the route of the lingual nerve?

A

Runs medially to inferior alveolar nerve

to tongue

24
Q

What is the function of the lingual nerve?

A

General sensory - anterior two thirds of tongue

25
Q

What are the causes of damage to the inferior alveolar nerve, mental nerve?

A

Fracture of mandible

26
Q

How does damage to the inferior alveolar nerve, mental nerve present?

A

Loss of sensation over chin and lower lip

27
Q

What are the effects of damage to the ophthalmic branch of the CN5 trigeminal nerve on the eye?

A

Loss of sensation over conjunctiva and cornea

loss of corneal reflex

28
Q

What are the consequences of loss of the corneal reflex?

A

Particles in eye not felt, no blinking to remove them

damage to cornea, may lead inflammation and scarring, loss of vision

Head and Neck (54 decks)

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