Anatomy of pharynx

Question 1

What does the pharynx connect together?

Answer 1

Nasal cavity and oral cavity to larynx and oesphagus

Question 2

Where does the pharynx begin?

Answer 2

Base of skull

Question 3

Where does the pharynx end?

Answer 3

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage

C6 vertebral level

Question 4

How many parts of the pharynx are there?

Answer 4

Three

Question 5

What are the parts of the pharynx?

Answer 5

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Question 6

Where does the nasopharynx begin?

Answer 6

Base of skull

Question 7

Where does the nasopharynx end?

Answer 7

Soft palate

Question 8

What is anterior to the nasopharynx?

Answer 8

Nasal cavity

Question 9

What does the nasopharynx contain?

Answer 9

Adenoid tonsils, tubal tonsils

Opening of eustachian tube

Question 10

Where does the oropharynx begin?

Answer 10

Soft palate

Question 11

Where does the oropharynx end?

Answer 11

Epiglottis

Question 12

What is anterior to the oropharynx?

Answer 12

Oral cavity

Question 13

What does the oropharynx contain?

Answer 13

Posterior 1/3 of tongue

Lingual tonsils

Palatine tonsils

Question 14

Where are the lingual tonsils located in the oropharynx?

Answer 14

Inferiorly to tongue

Question 15

Where are the palatine tonsils located in the oropharynx?

Answer 15

Between the palatoglossal arch anteriorly

and the palatopharyngeal arch posteriorly

Question 16

Where does the laryngopharynx begin?

Answer 16

Glottis

Question 17

Where does the laryngopharynx end?

Answer 17

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage

C6 vertebral level

Question 18

What is anterior to the laryngopharynx?

Answer 18

Larynx

Question 19

What is inferior to the laryngopharynx?

Answer 19

Oesophagus

Question 20

What does the laryngpharynx contain?

Answer 20

The piriform fossae

Question 21

What are the piriform fossae?

Answer 21

Recesses posteriorly to the larynx and trachea and anteriorly to the laryngopharynx

Question 22

How many muscles is the pharynx made up of?

Answer 22

Six

Question 23

What are the groups of muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 23

Longitudinal muscles

Circular muscles

Question 24

How many longitudinal muscles of the pharynx are there?

Answer 24

Three

Question 25

What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 25

Stylopharyngeus Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus

Question 26

What does the stylopharyngeus muscle attach to?

Answer 26

Styloid process Posterior border of thyroid cartilage

Question 27

What does the palatopharyngeus muscle attach to?

Answer 27

Hard palate Posterior border of thyroid cartilage

Question 28

What does the salpingopharyngeus muscle attach to?

Answer 28

Eustachian tubes Merges with palatopharyngeus

Question 29

What are the innervations of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 29

Stylopharyngeus - CN9 glossopharyngeal enrve Palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus - CN10 vagus nerve

Question 30

What are the actions of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 30

Shorten and widen pharynx Elevate larynx during swallowing Salpingopharyngeus - opens eustachian tue to equalise pressure in middle ear with atmosphere

Question 31

How many circular muscles of the pharynx are there?

Answer 31

Three

Question 32

What are the circular muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 32

Superior pharyngeal constrictor Middle pharyngeal constrictor Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Question 33

What do the circular muscles of the pharynx attach to?

Answer 33

Posteriorly attach to midline raphe

Question 34

What is the innervation of the circular muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 34

All by CN10 vagus nerve

Question 35

What are the actions of the circular muscles of the pharynx?

Answer 35

Contrct sequentially constrict pharynx propel bolus inferiorly into oesophagus

Question 36

Where does the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle begin?

Answer 36

Pterygomandibular raphe

Question 37

What are the parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

Answer 37

Thyropharyngeal Cricopharyngeal

Question 38

What do the parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle attach to?

Answer 38

Thyropharyngeal part attaches to thyroid cartilage anteriorly Cricopharyngeal part attaches to cricoid cartilage anteriorly both parts attach to midline raphe posteriorly

Question 39

What is the sensory innervation of the pharynx?

Answer 39

Nasopharynx - maxillary branch of CN5 trigeminal Oropharynx - CN9 glossopharyngeal Laryngopharynx - CN10 vagus