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Head and Neck > Anatomy of pharynx > Flashcards

Anatomy of pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What does the pharynx connect together?

A

Nasal cavity and oral cavity to larynx and oesphagus

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2
Q

Where does the pharynx begin?

A

Base of skull

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3
Q

Where does the pharynx end?

A

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage

C6 vertebral level

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4
Q

How many parts of the pharynx are there?

A

Three

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5
Q

What are the parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

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6
Q

Where does the nasopharynx begin?

A

Base of skull

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7
Q

Where does the nasopharynx end?

A

Soft palate

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8
Q

What is anterior to the nasopharynx?

A

Nasal cavity

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9
Q

What does the nasopharynx contain?

A

Adenoid tonsils, tubal tonsils

Opening of eustachian tube

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10
Q

Where does the oropharynx begin?

A

Soft palate

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11
Q

Where does the oropharynx end?

A

Epiglottis

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12
Q

What is anterior to the oropharynx?

A

Oral cavity

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13
Q

What does the oropharynx contain?

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue

Lingual tonsils

Palatine tonsils

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14
Q

Where are the lingual tonsils located in the oropharynx?

A

Inferiorly to tongue

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15
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils located in the oropharynx?

A

Between the palatoglossal arch anteriorly

and the palatopharyngeal arch posteriorly

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16
Q

Where does the laryngopharynx begin?

A

Glottis

17
Q

Where does the laryngopharynx end?

A

Inferior border of cricoid cartilage

C6 vertebral level

18
Q

What is anterior to the laryngopharynx?

A

Larynx

19
Q

What is inferior to the laryngopharynx?

A

Oesophagus

20
Q

What does the laryngpharynx contain?

A

The piriform fossae

21
Q

What are the piriform fossae?

A

Recesses posteriorly to the larynx and trachea and anteriorly to the laryngopharynx

22
Q

How many muscles is the pharynx made up of?

A

Six

23
Q

What are the groups of muscles of the pharynx?

A

Longitudinal muscles

Circular muscles

24
Q

How many longitudinal muscles of the pharynx are there?

A

Three

25
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Stylopharyngeus

Palatopharyngeus

Salpingopharyngeus

26
Q

What does the stylopharyngeus muscle attach to?

A

Styloid process

Posterior border of thyroid cartilage

27
Q

What does the palatopharyngeus muscle attach to?

A

Hard palate

Posterior border of thyroid cartilage

28
Q

What does the salpingopharyngeus muscle attach to?

A

Eustachian tubes

Merges with palatopharyngeus

29
Q

What are the innervations of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Stylopharyngeus - CN9 glossopharyngeal enrve

Palatopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus - CN10 vagus nerve

30
Q

What are the actions of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Shorten and widen pharynx

Elevate larynx

during swallowing

Salpingopharyngeus - opens eustachian tue to equalise pressure in middle ear with atmosphere

31
Q

How many circular muscles of the pharynx are there?

A

Three

32
Q

What are the circular muscles of the pharynx?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Middle pharyngeal constrictor

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

33
Q

What do the circular muscles of the pharynx attach to?

A

Posteriorly attach to midline raphe

34
Q

What is the innervation of the circular muscles of the pharynx?

A

All by CN10 vagus nerve

35
Q

What are the actions of the circular muscles of the pharynx?

A

Contrct sequentially
constrict pharynx
propel bolus inferiorly into oesophagus

36
Q

Where does the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle begin?

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

37
Q

What are the parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

A

Thyropharyngeal

Cricopharyngeal

38
Q

What do the parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle attach to?

A

Thyropharyngeal part attaches to thyroid cartilage anteriorly

Cricopharyngeal part attaches to cricoid cartilage anteriorly

both parts attach to midline raphe posteriorly

39
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx - maxillary branch of CN5 trigeminal

Oropharynx - CN9 glossopharyngeal

Laryngopharynx - CN10 vagus

Head and Neck (54 decks)

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