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Bio 250 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

Frontalis

A

O: galea aponeurotica
I: skin around eyebrows and nose
Raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

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2
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

O: frontal bone
I: lateral palpebral raphe
Closes eyelids

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3
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

O: medial infra-orbital margin
I: skin and muscle of upper lip
Elevates upper lip

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4
Q

Risorius

A

O: deep fascia of face
I: skin at angle of mouth
Retracts corners of mouth

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5
Q

Depressor anguli oris

A

O: mandible
I: angle of mouth
Depresses mandible

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6
Q

Platysma

A

O: skin over lower neck
I: mandible
Draws skin of neck superiorly, draws down angle of mouth (grimace)

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7
Q

Temporalis

A

O: Temporal fossa
I: coronoid process of mandible
Elevates mandible

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8
Q

Masseter

A

O: zygomatic arch
I: Mandible
Elevates mandible (closes mouth to chew)

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9
Q

Zygomaticus

A

O: zygomatic bone
I: angle of mouth
Raises corners of mouth (smile)

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10
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O: sternum, clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
Tilts/rotates head

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11
Q

Extrinsic eye muscles (6)

A 
superior rectus
lateral rectus
medial rectus
inferior rectus
superior oblique
inferior oblique
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12
Q

extrinsic tongue muscles

A

3

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13
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

O: maxilla and mandible
I: skin at angles of mouth
puckers lips

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14
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

O: clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages
I: humerus
Flexes arm at shoulder, adducts arm at shoulder

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15
Q

Serratus anterior

A

O: first 8 ribs
I: scapula
Abducts and upwardly rotates scapula

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16
Q

Diaphragm

A

O: sternum, costal cartilages, vertebral columns of lumbar vertebrae
I: central tendon
Primary muscle of inspiration

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17
Q

External intercostals

A

O: lower border of superior ribs
I: upper border of inferior ribs
Inhalation

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18
Q

Internal intercostals

A

O: rib; inferior border
I: rib, superior border
Holds ribs steady

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19
Q

External oblique

A

O: ribs 5-12
I: iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis
Flexes and rotates vertebra column, compresses abdomen

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20
Q

Internal oblique

A

O: iliac crest
I: costal cartilages, abdominal aponeurosis
Flexes and rotates vertebral column, compresses abdomen

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21
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

O: iliac crest
I: abdominal aponeurosis, pubic symphysis, xiphoid process
Compresses abdomen

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22
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

O: pubic crest, symphysis pubis
I: costal cartilages of ribs, xiphoid process of sternum
Flexes torso, compresses abdomen

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23
Q

Tendinous intersections

A

3-4 fibrous bands that cross rectus abdominis

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24
Q

Linea alba

A

tendon that runs down midline, separates rectus abdominis into R and L

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25
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

from ilium to pubic bone

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26
Q

Deltoid

A

O: clavicle, scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Prime mover of arm abduction
multipennate

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27
Q

Biceps brachii

A

O: acromion, glenoid cavity
I: by tendon into radial tuberosity
Flexes elbow joint

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28
Q

Brachialis

A

O: front of humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna
Major forearm flexor (lifts ulna as biceps lifts radius)

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29
Q

Triceps brachii

A

O: scapula, humerus
I: by tendon into olecranon of ulna
Forearm extensor

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30
Q

Thenar group (ball of thumb)

A

O: flexor retinaculum, nearby carpals
I: base of thumb
Controls thumb movements (abducts, flexes, opposes, adducts)

31
Q

Hypothenar group (ball of pinky)

A

O: pisiform bone, flexor retinaculum
I: little finger
Abducts, flexes little finger

32
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

33
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: iliac spine, acetabulum
I: patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Extends knee, flexes thigh at hip

34
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: greater trochanter
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Extends and stabilizes knee

35
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: linea aspera
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Extends knee

36
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: femur shaft
I: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Extends knee

37
Q

Sartorius

A

O: iliac spine
I: proximal tibia
flexes, abducts, rotates thigh; allows cross-legged position

38
Q

Biceps femoris

A

O: ischial tuberosity, linea aspera
I: head of fibia, lateral condyle of tibia (via common tendon)
Extends thigh and flexes knee

39
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: tibial shaft
Extends thigh and flexes knee

40
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
Extends thigh and flexes knee

41
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur
Major extensor of thigh

42
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: between gluteal lines on ilium
I: by short tendon into greater trochanter of femur
Abducts and rotates thigh

43
Q

Ilioitibial tract

A

Thickened lateral portion of tensor fasciae latae

Runs from iliac crest to knee

44
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

O: iliac crest
I: iliotibial tract
Stabilizes the knee

45
Q

Occipitalis

A

O: occipital and temporal bones
I: Epicranial aponeurosis
Pulls scalp posteriorly

46
Q

Trapezius

A

O: occipital bone, spinous process of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
I: acromion, spine of scapula, clavicle
Stabilizes, raises, retracts, rotates scapula

47
Q

Rhomboids

A

O: spinous process of C7
I: medial border of scapula
Stabilizes scapula

48
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

O: indirect attachment via lumbrodorsal fascia into spines of vertebrae
I: intertubercular sulcus of humerus

49
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Abduction of shoulder joint

50
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Rotates humerus laterally

51
Q

Teres minor

A

O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
Rotates humerus laterally

52
Q

Teres major

A

O: posterior of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Extends, medially rotates, adducts humerus

53
Q

Subscapularis

A

O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
Rotates humerus medially

54
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: distal end of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
Synergist in flexing forearm

55
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of second and third metacarpals
Flexor of wrist

56
Q

Palmaris longus

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: fascia of palm
Tenses skin and fascia of palm during hand movements

57
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: pisiform and hamate bones
Flexor of wrist

58
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

O: humerus
I: base of second metacarpal
Extends wrist

59
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O: humerus
I: base of third metacarpal
Extends wrist

60
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

O: humerus
I: by 4 tendons into distal phalanges of fingers 2-5
Prime mover of finger extension

61
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

O: humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal
Extends wrist

62
Q

Pronator teres

A

O: humerus
I: by tendon into radius
Pronates forearm

63
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral condyle of tibia, upper tibial shaft
I: by tendon into medial cuneiform
Dorsiflexion

64
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: medial and lateral condyles of femur
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

65
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

O: lateal condyles of tibula, fibula, interosseous membrane
I: phalanges 2-5
Dorsiflexes foot

66
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

O: fibular shaft, interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx of big toe
extends big toe

67
Q

Fibularis longus

A

O: lateral fibula
I: by long tendon to underside of foot
plantar flexion, everts foot

68
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

O: fibular shaft
I: by tendon to 5th metatasal
plantar flexion, everts foot

69
Q

Flexor hallicus longus

A

O: fibula, interosseous membrane
I: tendon to big toe
plantar flexes and inverts foot, flexes big toe

70
Q

Soleus

A

O: tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
plantar flexes foot

71
Q

Gracilis

A

O: pubis
I: tibia
Adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

72
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: pubis
I: linea aspera
Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh

73
Q

Adductor brevis

A

O: pubis
I: linea aspera
Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh

74
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O: ischium, pubis
I: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Adducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh

Bio 250 (24 decks)

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