Chp 8

Question 1

Fibrous Structural Joints

Answer 1

Bones are joined by fibrous tissue, no joint cavity is present. Most are immovable.
Suture, syndesmosis, gomphosis

Question 2

Sutures

Answer 2

type of fibrous joint

seams that occur between bones of the skull

Question 3

Syndesmoses

Answer 3

type of fibrous joint

bones are connected by ligaments ex// interosseous membrane connecting the ulna and radius

Question 4

Gomphoses

Answer 4

type of fibrous joint

peg in socket. Only example is tooth with its bony aveolar socket.

Question 5

Cartilaginous joints (functional properties, 2 types)

Answer 5

functional: amphiarthroses, slightly movable
lack a joint cavity
Synchondrosis: bar or plate of hyaline cartilage that unites the bones ex// epiphyseal plate and joint between first rib and sternum
Symphysis: joint where fibrocartilage units the bone,ex// intervertebral joints, pubic symphysis of pevlis

Question 6

Synovial joints

Answer 6

Diarthroses- freely movable
Articulating bones are separated by a fluid-containing joint cavity
Nearly all joints of the limbs (and most joints of the body) are synovial

Question 7

Synovial joint: articular cartilage

Answer 7

hyaline cartilage covers surfaces of opposing bones, absorb compression

Question 8

Synovial Joint (articular) cavity

Answer 8

Unique feature of synovial joints, potential space that contains small amount of synovial fluid

Question 9

Articular capsule

Answer 9

double layered capsule that surrounds joint cavity
Fibrous layer: tough external layer, continuous with periosteum
Synovial membrane: loose connective tissue, lines all internal joint surfaces that are not hyaline cartilage. Makes synovial fluid

Question 10

Synovial fluid

Answer 10

viscous lubricating fluid within a cavity
reduces friction between cartilages of 2 bones
provides lubrication
nourishes cartilages
contains phagocytes

Question 11

Reinforcing ligaments

Answer 11

Ligaments that strengthen synovial joint

Mostly capsular/intrinsic, thickened parts of the fibrous layer

Question 12

Menisci

Answer 12

Articular discs that extend inward from articular capsule and divide cavity into 2 compartments

Question 13

Bursae

Answer 13

flattened fibrous sacs within synovial membrane and fluid that acts to reduce friction between adjacent structures during joint activity
cushion movement of one body part over another
located between skin and bone and between muscles, tendons, ligaments and bone