Chp 23: digestive sys

Question 1

Ingestion

Answer 1

eating and drinking

Question 2

Secretions by glands

Answer 2

Pancreas, gallbladder, stomach, salivary glands, intestine

7 L fluid per day

Question 3

Digestion: mechanical processing

Answer 3

Mastication, swallowing, mixing, peristalsis

Question 4

Digestion: chemical processing

Answer 4

enzymatic breakdown of complex to simple forms

Question 5

Oral cavity

Answer 5

opening/hollow part of mouth
Both mechanical and chemical digestion
Vestibule of mouth is anteriormost portion of oral cavity (space btwn cheeks/lips and teeth)

Question 6

Primary/baby teeth

Answer 6

20 teeth that start erupting at 6 months

Question 7

Permanent teeth

Answer 7

32 teeth btwn 6 and 12 years

Question 8

Incisors, canines, premolar/molars

Answer 8

Incisors: biting
Canines/cuspids: tearing
Premolars/molars: crushing and grinding

Question 9

Salivary glands

Answer 9

1.0-1.5 L saliva/day

Most saliva by submandibular (70%) parotid (25%) and sublingual (5%)

Question 10

Saliva

Answer 10

99.5% water, .5% solutes (antimicrobial proteins, enzymes)

salivary amylase, lingual lipase

Question 11

Mumps

Answer 11

inflammation and enlargement of parotid salivary

Question 12

4 defined GI tract layers

Answer 12

Lesser omentum
Transverse mesocolon
Small bowel mesentery
Sigmoid mesentery

Question 13

Stomach

Answer 13

converts bolus to chyme

Question 14

small intestine

Answer 14

20 ft long, 1 inch in diameter
large surface area for absorption
major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption
duodenum: 10 inches
jejunum: 8.2 ft
ileum: 12 ft
ends at ileocecal valve

Question 15

Pancreas

Answer 15

Secretes hormones and digestive juices
connected to duodenum
Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) secrete hormones
99% of cells arranged in clusters called acini (exocrine portion of gland)

Question 16

Liver

Answer 16

Largest internal organ/gland
Large right lobe, smaller left lobe
Phagocytosis of worn out cells
Blood detox
Stores glycogen
Produces bile

Question 17

Gallbladder

Answer 17

Stores and releases bile

Helps lipid breakdown