Muscle of Back

Question 1

What 4 things does vertebral column mobility depend on

Answer 1

• Thickness of intervertebral discs
• orientation of articular surfaces in Z joint
• Presence of the ribs
• Tension of the surrounding soft tissues (Joint capsule, muscles, ligaments)

Question 2

A vertebral segment which has a ______ thickness of disk to height of vertebrae ratio has the most mobility

Answer 2

highest

Question 3

What is the thickness of disk to height of vertebrae ratio in cervical vertebrae

Answer 3

2/5

Question 4

What is the thickness of disk to height of vertebrae ratio in thoracic vertebrae

Answer 4

1/5

Question 5

What is the thickness of disk to height of vertebrae ratio in lumbar vertebrae

Answer 5

1/3

Question 6

Which portion of the spine has the thinest disks? Greatest?

Answer 6

cervical

lumbar

Question 7

The articular surfaces in the cervical region are sitting in what plane?

Answer 7

almost horizontal

Question 8

The articular surfaces in the thoracic region are sitting in what plane?

Answer 8

Coronal

Question 9

The articular surfaces in the lumbar region are sitting in what plane?

Answer 9

turning into sagittal

Question 10

What spinal region has the most flexion

Answer 10

lumbar

Question 11

What spinal region has the most extension

Answer 11

cervical

Question 12

What spinal region has the most lateral flexion

Answer 12

cervical

Question 13

What lumbar region has the most rotation

Answer 13

cervical

Question 14

what is the MAIN origina of lat dorsi

Answer 14

thoracolumbar fascia

Question 15

Is the lat dorsi capable of dislocating the shoulder? why doesnt it?

Answer 15

yes but it doesnt because triceps oppose the downward pull with upward pull

Question 16

Where does lat dorsi insert

Answer 16

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Question 17

lat dorsi is the prime mover of what action

Answer 17

extension at GH joint

Question 18

What is the reverse function of lat dorsi

Answer 18

Lift trunk

Question 19

In what populations is the reverse function of lat dorsi important

Answer 19

people who are paralegiac - used in wheelchair transfers

Question 20

What is the nerve supply and spinal segments of lat dorsi

Answer 20

thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, C8

Question 21

What is the nerve supply for trap

Answer 21

accessory nerve

Question 22

O of rhomboid major?

Answer 22

Spinous process of T2-T5

Question 23

O of rhomboid minor?

Answer 23

Spinous processes of C7-T1

Question 24

What is the nerve supply of the rhomboids

Answer 24

Dorsal scapular nerve

C4, C5

Question 25

O, I, Action, and nerve supply of serratus posterior superior

Answer 25

O - SP C7-T2, supraspinous ligaments, distal nuchal ligament I - upper ribs A - Elevates ribs accesory muscle in inspiration NS - Ventral rami T2-T5

Question 26

O, I, Action, and nerve supply of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 26

O - SP T11-L2 and supraspinous ligament I - 8th-12th rib A - depresses ribs - accessory muscle in respiration NS - Ventral rami T9-T12

Question 27

What is the O, I, A, and NS of splenius capitis

Answer 27

O - Spinous processes of C7-T3 vertebrae, nuchal ligament and supraspinous ligament I - mastoid process A - extension of head and cervical spine, ipsilateral rotation of head, lateral flexion of neck NS - Cervical nerves 2 and 3

Question 28

What is the O, I, A, and NS of splenius cervicis

Answer 28

O - SP of T3-T6 and supraspinous ligament I - Transverse process of C1-C2 A - extension and side flexion of neck NS - Lateral branches of posterior rami of lower cervical nerves

Question 29

Erector spinae is comprised of which 3 logitudinal muscle bundles

Answer 29

1. Ilio-costalis 2. Longissimus 3. Spinalis

Question 30

____ muscles occupy the bony gutter between spinous and transverse processes

Answer 30

Transverso-spinalis

Question 31

The transverso-spinalis muscle include with muscles

Answer 31

Semi-spinalis Multifidus Rotatores

Question 32

What are the 3 other less talked about segmental muscular groups

Answer 32

- Interspinales - Intertransversarii - Levatores costarum

Question 33

Rotation of vertebral column is primarily done by...

Answer 33

rotares

Question 34

What is the O, I, A, and NS of levator costarum

Answer 34

O - TP of C7-T11 I - Upper margin of rib A - Elevate ribs NS - Dorsal rami

Question 35

Which segmental muscle group can sometimes turn into a ligament by becoming fibrotic

Answer 35

intertransversarii

Question 36

The occipital triangle is formed by...

Answer 36

1. Obliquus capitis superior 2. Obliquus capitis inferior 3. Rectus capitis posterior major

Question 37

What are 3 contents of the sub-occipital triangle

Answer 37

1. Vertebral artery 2. Greater occipital nerve (C2) 3. Sub-occipital nerve (C1)

Question 38

How does the sub-occipital triangle relate to headaches

Answer 38

The vertebral artery lies right inside i. any muscles could compress the artery if they spasm and cause significant changes in blood pressure inside cranium