Brachial Plexus Flashcards
Brachial plexus is made by ____ rami of ____
ventral
C5-T1
Other spinal nerves which contribute to the brachial plexus (other than C5-T1)
C4 and T2
Between what muscles is the brachial plexus formed
Anterior and middle scalene muscles
What are the 2 branches of the brachial plexus
supra-clavicular branches
infra-clavicular branches
The supra-clavicular branches arise from…
roots or trunks of the plexus
Infra-clavicular branches arise from….
the cords of the plexus
____% of the normal population have brachial pelxi that are…
embedded in the anterior scalene
Roots and trunks are located….
in the posterior neck triangle (posterior to SCM)
Divisions of the brachial plexus are sitting …
immediately behind the clavicle
Cords of the brachial plexus are found…
below the clavicle in the axilla
The lateral cord is comprised of which trunks?
Upper and middle
The posterior cord is comprised of which trunks?
Upper
Middle
lower
The medial cord is comprised of which trunks?
Lower
Which roots create the upper trunk
C5, C6
Which roots create the middle trunk
C7
Which roots create the lower trunk
C8, T1
What nerves branch off C5 before it becomes the upper trunk
Nerve to scalenei
Dorsal scapular
Long thoracic
What nerve branches occur off the upper trunk
Suprascapular
Nerve to subclavius
Posterior cord branches
Upper subscapular Thoracodorsal Lower subscapular Axillary Radial
Suprascapular and nerve to subclavius (which branch off the upper trunk) are motor or sensory or mixed?
motor
Are the lateral and medial pectoral nerves motor, sensory, or mixed?
motor
is the long thoracic nerve motor, sensory, or mixed? what does it supply?
motor
serratus anterior
What does the dorsal scapular nerve supply?
Rhomboids and levator scap
is the ulnar nerve motor, sensory, or mixed?
mixed
What is the name for upper trunk brachial plexus injuries?
Erb’s palsy
What is Erb’s palsy and how does it look?
Post the movements of the shoulder along with flexion of elbow and extension of wrist joint is lost
Waiters position - med rotation of shoulder, flexion of wrist, extension of the elbow
How does Erb’s palsy or upper trunk brachial plexus injuries occur?
Any injury causing an sudden increase in the angle between the neck and shoulder
What are lower trunk brachial plexus lesions called?
Klumkes palsy
What is Klumkes palsy and how does it appear?
Involves C8-T1, usually flexor muscles of the wrist and fingers plus intrinsic mucles of the hand will be affect.
What does Klumkes palsy or injuries to the lower trunk of the brachial plexus occur?
Often seen in falling accidents when the person tries to hang on to avoid falling
When does the axillary artery begin? end?
Lateral broder of 1st rib
Lower border of teres major
Where is the superior part of the axillary artery? how many branches does it have?
Superior to muscle
1 branch
Where is the Posterior part of the axillary artery? how many branches does it have?
Behind muscles
2 branches
how many branches does the inferior part of the axillary artery have?
3
What is the branch of the superior part of the axillary artery?
Superior thoracic
What are the branches of the posterior part of the axillary artery?
Thoracoacromial
Lateral thoracic
What do the branches of the posterior part of the axillary artery supply?
Serratus anterior muscle
What are the branches of the inferior part of the axillary artery?
Subscapular
Anterior circumflex humeral
Posterior circumflex humeral
What does the axillary artery become at the lower border of the teres major
brachial artery
