ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF FOREARM Flashcards
The anterior compartment muscles of the forearm mostly do ____ and are innervated by ____
flexion of wrist/finger and pronation
Ulnar nerve or median nerve
The posterior compartment muscles of the forearm mostly do ____ and are innervated by ___
extension of wrist/fingers and supination
Radial nerve
Pronator teres
O - medial epicondyle of humerus, anterior surfae of ulna just below coronoid process.
I - Midpoint of lateral surface of shaft of radius
A - Pronation, elbow flexion
N - Median nerve
Flexor carpi radialis
O - medial epicondyle
I - base of 2nd and 3rd MC bones
A - Flexion of wrist and elbow, radial deviation
NS - Median
Palmaris longus
O - Medial epicondyle
I - Palmar Aponeurosis
A - weak elbow flexor, flexion of wrist
NS - Median
Flexor Carpis ulnaris
O - Medial epicondyle
I - Pisiform, base of 5th MC, indirectly to hook of hamate
A - Flexion of wrist and elbow, ulnar deviation
N - Ulnar nerve
Flexor digitorum superficialis
O - Medial epicondyle, anterior surface of radius
I - either side of middle phalanges of medial 4 fingers
A - flexor of wrist and elbow, flex proximal finger joints
NS - Median N.
Flexor digitorum profundus
O - Anterior surface of ulna
I - Proximal end of distal phalanges of medial 4 fingers
A - Wrist flexion, MCP flexion, proximal IP flexion, distal IP flexion
NS - Muscles fibres on lateral half = median nerve. Muscle fibres on medial half = ulnar nerve
Flexor policis longus
O - (sometimes) medial epicondyle and anterior surface of radius
I - Distal phalanx of thumb
A - Flexion of thumb and a bit of flexion of wrist
NS - Median N.
Pronator quadratus
2 attachments : distal 1/4 shaft of radius and ulna
A - pronation
NS - Median N.
where is the pisiform location
medial end of distal carpal crease
Where is hamate located
1 inch distal and 1 inch medial to pisiform
What is a simple test for the health of the ulnar nerve?
Stabilize all the joints before the DIP and ask them to flex DIP
Brachial artery branches into ____ at what point?
Radial and ulnar arteries 1 or 2 inches below elbow
The radial artery passes beneath which muscle
brachioradialis
What are the branches of the radial artery in the forearm?
muscular
1 recurrent radial branch
What are the branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm
2 recurrents
common interosseous artery
What are the 2 branches of the common interosseous artery
anterior and posterior interosseous artery
The radial nerve travels down the ____
spiral groove right in front of the lateral epicondyle
what are the two branches of the radial nerve
superficial and deep radial nerves
Is superficial radial nerve motor or sensory? What does it supply
sensory supplies the lateral 2/3 of skin on back of hand and web of thumb
is the deep radial nerve sensory or motor? what does it supply
motor
Muscles of posterior compartment
What are the arteries which supply the elbow
- Superior + inferior ulnar collateral
- Deep brachial
- 3 recurrent arteries
Ulnar nerve passes behind _____ and enters the anterior compartment at ____
medial epicondyle
at 1/3 down the ulna
The ulnar nerve is covered by what muscle
flexor carpi ulnaris
What are the branches of the ulnar nerve
- 2 motor branches (flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus)
- 2 sensory branch: palmar and dorsal cutaneous
What do the palmar and dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerves supply
the medial 1/3 of hand on anterior and posterior surface
Median nerve passes through…
cubital fossa then through 2 heads of pronator teres then between flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
What is is called when pronator teres impinges the median nerve
Pronator teres syndrome
What are the branches of the ulnar nerve in the forearm
Anterior interosseous nerve and palmar cutaneous
what does the anterior interosseous of the ulna nerve supply
deep muscles of the anterior compartment of forearm
What does the palmar cutaneous nerve median supply
lateral 2/3 of skin on palm of hand
What are the 3 borders of the cubital fossa and roof and floor
medial = pronator teres lateral = brachio-radialis superior = horizontal line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles of humerus roof = aponeurosis of bicipital tendon floor = brachialis
What are the contents of the cubital fossa
- Medial nerve
- Deep radial nerve
- Superficial radial nerve
- Musculocutaneous nerve
- Brachial artery
- ulnar artery
- Radial artery
- Recurrent radial artery
- Biceps tendon
What is medial epicondylitis? what is it also referred to as?
Inflammation of common flexor tendon aka golfers elbow
What is the test for golfers elbow
Reverse tills test - passively move wrist int extension - increase tension on flexor muscles
