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ANAT 392 - Meag > HAND > Flashcards

HAND Flashcards

1
Q

The longitudinal fibres of the palmar fascia extend to the fingers and blend and mix with the fibrous tissue of the fingers. what is the role of this fibrous tissue

A

support the flexor tendons int he fingers - holds them in place and protects them from trauma

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2
Q

What is the firbosseous tunnel of the fingers made of

A

both fibrous and bone tissue. Roof is fibrous tissue and floor is bone tissue

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3
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

O - lateral carpal bones + flexor retinaculum
I - base of middle phalanx of thumb
A - Flexion
NS - Sup: Recurrent median Inf: deep ulnar

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4
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

O - lateral carpal bones
I - Proximal phalanx and 1st MC bone
A - Abduction of thumb
NS - Recurrent median

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5
Q

Adductor pollicis

A

O - Distal carpal bones and MC 2 and 3
I - Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A - Adduction of thumb
NS - Deep ulnar

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6
Q

Opponens pollicis

A

O - Lateral carpal bones
I - Lateral surface of 1st MC
A - Opposition
NS - Median recurrent

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7
Q

Opposition is considered a combination of what two movements

A

flexion and adduction

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8
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

O - Medial carpal bones and flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
I - Proximal phalanx of thumb and 5th MC bone
A - Abduction of digiti minimi
NS - Deep ulnar nerve

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9
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

O - Palmar fascia, tendon of palamaris longus, flexor retinaculum
I - Deep surface of skin on medial side of hand
A - enabled our ancesters to make cup with hands to use tools
NS - Superficial ulnar nerve

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10
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

O- Flexor retinaculun, medial carpal bones
I - Medial side of 5th MC bone
A - Opposition of 5th finger
NS - Deep ulnar

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11
Q

Flexor digiti minimi

A

O - Medial carpal bones, flexor retinaculum
I - Proximal end of proximal phalanc
A - Flexion of the 5th digit
NS - deep ulnar N.

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12
Q

Palmar interosseous

A

O - MC bones 2,4,5
I - DDE
A - Adduction of fingers
NS - Deep ulnar

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13
Q

Dorsal interosseous

A

O - All MC bones
I - DDE
A - Abduction
NS - Deep ulnar

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14
Q

Lumbricals

A

O - Arise from tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
I - Dorsal digital expansion of corresponding finger
A - Flexion of MC phalangeal, extension of IP joint - byebye
NS - Lateral two: median nerve. medial two: deep ulnar nerve

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15
Q

How many intrinsic muscles of the hand are there

A

19

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16
Q

What tendons are found in the carpal tunnel

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus

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17
Q

The synovial sheaths of the 1st and 5th finger and continuous with those for the flexors passing through the carpal tunnel, what is the consequence of this

A

Penetrating wound in the thumb and 5th finger, if they become inflammed or infected it will travel to the carpal tunnel tendons causing carpal tunnel syndrome

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18
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of median nerve

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19
Q

What are the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • Overuse of CT tendons
  • Penetrating injury to thumb or pinky
  • normal consequence of pregnancy
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20
Q

Why does carpal tunnel occur with pregnancy

A
  • Because entire volume of interstitial fluid in the body increases
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21
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

A
  • Sensory deficiency - lateral 3.5 fingers will have number
  • Motor deficiencies - fully impaired opposition. Partially impaired: flexion of thumb, abduction of thumb
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22
Q

What forms the superficial palmar arhc

A

superficial branch of ulnar artery and superficial palmar branch of radial artery

23
Q

Where does the deep palmar arch sit

A

deep to all tendons and just superficial to interosseous muscles

24
Q

what supplies blood to fingers?

A

Palmar metacarpal artery

Common palmar digital artery

25
Q

Superficial ulnar nerve is almost all sensory except for…

A

palmaris brevis

26
Q

When does the ulnar nerve divide into deep and superficial branches

A

just after the tunnel of guyon

27
Q

Where is the radio-carpal joint? what type of joint is it?

A

between the radial distal end and proximal row of carpal bones
Condylar joint

28
Q

What are the 2 axis of the radiocarpal joint and where do they pass?

A

Anteroposterior axis passing through the proximal end capitate
Transverse axis passing through the styloid process of radius and pisiform

29
Q

What type of joint is the mid-carpal joint

A

gliding

30
Q

What type of joint is the intercarpal joint

A

gliding

31
Q

What 3 joints make up the articular complex of the wrist

A

radiocarpal joint
Midcarpal joint
intercarpal joints

32
Q

What are the collateral ligaments of the wrist

A

The lateral collateral and the medial collateral carpal ligaments

33
Q

Where is the lateral collateral carpal ligament attached

A

to the styloid process of the radius and the scaphoid bone

34
Q

Where is the medial collateral carpal ligament attached

A

the styloid process of the ulna and the pisiform and triquetrum bones

35
Q

what are the 2 anterior posterior ligaments of the wrist

A

Radio-carpal and the ulno carpal

36
Q

The radio-carpal ligament has an expansion to the…

A

pisiform bone

37
Q

there are ___ set of radiocarpal and ulno-carpal ligaments

A

2 palmar and dorsal

38
Q

Where does the inferior radio-ulnar ligament run? what does it do ?

A

between distal ends of radius and ulna on palmar and dorsal aspect - indirectly stabilizes the wrist complex

39
Q

Which ligaments control extension of the wrist?

A

the radio-carpal and ulno-carpal ligaments

40
Q

Which ligaments control radial and ulnar deviation

A

the collateral ligaments

41
Q

What are the 2 groups of mid-carpal ligaments

A
  1. The interosseous ligaments

2. The mid-carpal ligaments

42
Q

Where are the interosseous ligaments found

A

joining the carpal bones on the same row

43
Q

What do the mid-carpal ligaments do

A

joint proximal and distal carpal rows

44
Q

During flexion what is the range of movement at the radiocarpal joint and the midcarpal joint respectively

A

RC - 50

MC - 35

45
Q

During extension what is the range of movement at the radiocarpal joint and the midcarpal joint respectively

A

RC 35

MC 50

46
Q

Why is the ROM different for flexion and extension at the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints

A

Because flexion at the radiocarpal joint is checked later by the anterior margin of the joint which does not extend as far distally as the posterior margin

47
Q

The __ joint is more important in wrist flexion

A

radiocarpal

48
Q

The ___ joint in more important in wrist extension

A

Midcarpal

49
Q

The carpometacarpal joints are ___ joints

A

planar

50
Q

What ligaments support the CMC joints

A

CMC ligaments and inter-metacarpal ligaments

51
Q

The metacarpo-phalangeal joints are ___ joints

A

condyloid

52
Q

What are the ligaments supporting the metacarpo-phalangeal joint

A

Deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
Palmar plates
Collateral ligaments

53
Q

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints

A

hinge joints

54
Q

What ligaments support the interphalangeal joints

A

collateral ligaments

smaller palmer plates

ANAT 392 - Meag (18 decks)

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