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ANAT 392 - Meag > Joints of the Shoulder > Flashcards

Joints of the Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder

A
  • Glenohumeral joint
  • Acromio-Clavicular joint
  • Sterno-Clavicular joint
  • Scapulo-thoracic joint
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2
Q

What type of cartilage are the 2 articular surfaces of the GH joint

A

Hyaline

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3
Q

The head of the humerus is _____ than the glenoid cavity

A

3x larger

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4
Q

What is the angle of the head of the humerus to the shaft

A

135 in men

125 in women and children

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5
Q

What does the angle of the head of the humerus determine? what occurs if the angle is less than normal

A

range of some movements

GT sits higher and hits acromion prematurely limiting ROM

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6
Q

What is the labrum of the GH joint made of

A

fibrocartilage -

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7
Q

is repair of the labrum easy?

A

no - fibrocartilage

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8
Q

where is the hyaline cartilage covering the joint cavity the thinness?

A

in center where a bony elevation is located

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9
Q

What is the bony prominence in the middle of the glenoid fossa susceptible to?

A

OA because hyaline is thinner here than other parts

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10
Q

How do you test of OA in the GH joint

A

do abduction to 90 degrees, if painful = early signs of OA

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11
Q

is tendon of biceps intra or extra capsular?

A

intra

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12
Q

Where does the coraco-humeral ligament run? How many bands does it have? Extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

GT to Coracoid process
2 bands - anterior and posterior
Extrinsic

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13
Q

What is the function of the transverse humeral ligament? What is it an extension of? Extrinsic or intrinsic?

A

Hold the long head of the biceps in the bony groove
Extension of subscapularis
Extrinsic

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14
Q

What are 2 causes of biceps tenosynovitis

A
  • Chronic contraction of spasms of subscapularis lead to compression of tendon of long head of biceps
  • Paralysis of subscapularis results in ligament being too loose, and tendon snaps in and out
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15
Q

How do you test for biceps tenosynovitis

A

with palms up and elbows at 90 degrees, rotate arsm from full pronation the fo into full supination - if painful positive test

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16
Q

What are the bands of the gleno-humeral ligament

A

Middle
Superior
Inferior

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17
Q

What are 3 bursae found in the shoulder joint

A
  • Subacromial bursa
  • Subdeltoid bursa
  • Subscapular bursa
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18
Q

The bursae could fuse with…

A

the synovial membrane of the joint

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19
Q

What must occur in order to perform adduction at the shoulder

A

must have a little extension or flexion

20
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder abduction?

A

180

21
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder flexion

A

180

22
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder extension

A

50

23
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder adduction

A

30

24
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder horizontal adduction

A

140

25
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder horizontal abduction

A

30

26
Q

What is the ROM for shoulder lateral rotation and medial rotation

A

lat - 80

med - 95

27
Q

The Coracoid humeral ligament is stretched by what movement

A

extension

28
Q

the GH ligaments are stretched by what movement

A

Lateral rotation

29
Q

what type of joint is the acromio-clavicular

A

synovial planar joint

30
Q

What is the purpose of the coracoacromial ligament

A

NOT supporting but rather provide protection to the structures running underneath it

31
Q

What are the two bands of the coraco-clavicular ligament

A

Conoid and Trapezoid

32
Q

The sternoclavicular joint has 3 _____ligaments, what are they?

A

3 intrinsic ligaments

Anterior, posterior, and inferior sternoclavicular ligaments

33
Q

The intra articular disc is made up of ____, why?

A

Fibrocartilage

Because it is the only cynoical joint connecting upper limb to torso, so it gets the cusion of fibrocartilage

34
Q

What are the extrinsic ligaments of the sterno-clavicular joint

A

Inter-clavicular ligament

Costaclavicular ligament

35
Q

What movements take place at the sternoclavicular joint

A

Elevation and depression
Protraction and retraction
Axial rotation of clavicle

36
Q

when does axial rotation of the clavicle occur

A

when you are passing 90 degrees of flexion

37
Q

What muscle is responsible for axial rotation of the clavicle

A

subclavius

38
Q

Where does the costoclavicular ligament run?

A

Between 1st rib and clavicle

39
Q

is the scapulo-thoracic joint an anatomical joint? why is it classified the way it is

A

no - doesnt have structure

but it moves like a joint and is part of the shoulder complex

40
Q

at which rib do you find the following landmarks:
Superior angle of scap
Root of scap
Infe angle of scap

A

Rib 2
Rib 3
Rib 7

41
Q

Which ribs contribute to the scapulo-thoracic joint

A

ribs 2-7

42
Q

When does the upward rotation of scapula start

A

after 90 degrees of abduction or flexion

When the greater tubercle hits the acromion might not be fully true

43
Q

What is the Abduction of GH to upward rotation of scapula ratio? What is this referred to as

A

2:1 degrees

Scapulo thoracic rhythm

44
Q

Dislocation of the shoulder complex occurs in which drections

A

anterior posterior

45
Q

Dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint is referred to as….

A

shoulder separation

ANAT 392 - Meag (18 decks)

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