MSK path I

Question 1

how do we measure actin and myosin

Answer 1

Creatinine kinase

Question 2

mutations of myelin protein 0, peripheral myelin22 and periaxin

Answer 2

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Question 3

new nerves that were once destroyed have what different

Answer 3

shorter and thinner myelin

Question 4

histo degenerating myelin

Answer 4

vaucoles

Question 5

what is needed to regrow a nerve

Answer 5

lining by schwann cells/myelin

Question 6

mononeuropathy

Answer 6

single nerve results in deficits in restricted distribution dictated by normal anatomy

Question 7

common causes of mononeuropathy

Answer 7

trauma, entrapment and infections

Question 8

polyneuropathies

Answer 8

involvement of many nerves usually symmetrically

Question 9

characteristic pattern of polyneuropathy

Answer 9

ascending. stocking pattern

Question 10

mononeuritis multiplex

Answer 10

disease that damages several nerves in haphazard fashion

right wrist drop from involved radial nerve and left foot drop from peroneal nerve damage

Question 11

common cause of mononeuritis multiplex

Answer 11

vasculitis

Question 12

polyradiculoneuropathies

Answer 12

affect nerve roots as well as peripheral nerves leading to diffuse symmetric Sx in proximal and distal parts of body

Question 13

what are the inflammatroy neuropathies

Answer 13

gullain barre syndrome
chronic inflammatory demyelinating poly(radiculo)neuropathy
neuropathy associated with systemic autoimmune diseases
neuropathy associated with vasculitis

Question 14

guillain barre is preceded by what most of the time

Answer 14

acute influenza like illness

Question 15

which bacteria have been assoc with guillain barre

Answer 15

campylobacter, CMV,epstein barr, mycoplasma pneumonia, prior vaccination

Question 16

clinical picture of guillain barre

Answer 16

ascending paralysis and areflexia

Question 17

What do you check for on PE for guillain barre

Answer 17

loss of DTR and loss of pain sensation

Question 18

nerve conduction study on guillain barre will show what

Answer 18

slowed because destruction of myelin segments

Question 19

CSF protein levels in guillain barre

Answer 19

elevated from inflammation and altered permeability of microciruclation with spinal roots across subarachniod space

Question 20

what cells are present on nerve Bx of guillain barre

Answer 20

lymphocytes

Question 21

symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy that persists for 2+ months

Answer 21

chronic inflamatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Question 22

onion bulb demyelinating

Answer 22

chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

Question 23

what autoimmune diseases can be asssocaited with peripheral neuropathies

Answer 23

RA, sjogren, SLE

Question 24

what type of inflammation can lead to neuopathy

Answer 24

vasculitis

Question 25

what is polyarteritis nodosum

Answer 25

noninfectious inflammation of blood vessls that invovles peripheral nerves

Question 26

fibrinoid necrosis with many eosinophils is associated with what process

Answer 26

vasculitis

Question 27

what infections can cause neuropathies

Answer 27

``` leprosy HIV diptheria lymes varicella ```

Question 28

black nodules on skin

Answer 28

kaposi sarcroma, HIV

Question 29

pseudomembrane in mouth

Answer 29

diptheria

Question 30

blisters in dermatome pattern

Answer 30

shingles, varicella zoster

Question 31

most common cause peripheral neuropathy

Answer 31

DM

Question 32

renal vasculitis assoc with DM

Answer 32

gomerulosclerosis

Question 33

presentation DM polyneuropathy

Answer 33

sensory Sx: numbness, loss of pain sensation, difficulty with balance, paresthesias, dysthesiasj

Question 34

neuropathy in DM patient at risk for

Answer 34

foot and ankle fractures and chronic skin ulcers, which can lead to amputations

Question 35

DM autonomic neuropathy

Answer 35

postural hypotension incomplete emptying o bladder sexual dysfunction

Question 36

common cc in DM autonomic neuropathy

Answer 36

sexual dysfunction, seeking viagra

Question 37

uremic neuropathy

Answer 37

distal symmetric neutopathy from axonal degeneration and secondary demyelinations

Question 38

presentation uremic neuropathy

Answer 38

muscle cramps, distal dysthesias, diminished DTRs | in renal failure

Question 39

hypothyroidism can cause what neuropathies

Answer 39

compression mononeuropathies like carpal tunnel or sita symmetric sensory polyneuropathy

Question 40

hyperthyroidism can cause what neuropathy

Answer 40

resembles guillain barre

Question 41

Vit B12 deficiency neuropathy

Answer 41

subacute combined degereation with damage to long tracts in spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

Question 42

What vitamine deficiencies have been associated with peripheral neuropathy

Answer 42

B1(thiamine) B6 (pyridoxine), folate, Vit E, copper and zinc

Question 43

patient has renal failure and white dry skin all around mouth, what is this called

Answer 43

uremic frost

Question 44

cystic degeneration with hemorrhage in alcoholic's brain can be from what deficiency

Answer 44

B1 thiamine

Question 45

What biologic toxins or therapeutic drugs can cause peripheral neuropathies

Answer 45

chemo drugs like vinca alkaloids and taxans cisplatin-neuronopathy microtubule inhibitors alcohol, heave metals

Question 46

what heavy metals can cause neuropathies

Answer 46

lead, mercury, arsenic and thalium

Question 47

basophilic stipling in PBS

Answer 47

lead poisoning

Question 48

black on hands, toxin?

Answer 48

arsenic

Question 49

what malignancies can lead to neuropathies

Answer 49

direct compression of nerve paraneoplastic monoclonal gammopathies that can demyelinate

Question 50

what tumor in apex of lung is known to cause compression of peripheral nn

Answer 50

pancoast