Derm path DSA

Question 1

major functions of skin

Answer 1

protective covering
tactile interaction
body temp regulation

Question 2

how does skin fucntion as part of immune system

Answer 2

production of cytokines and defensins

Ag presentation via Langerhans Epidermal Dendritic Cells and possibly dermal dendrocytes

Question 3

organization of skin

Answer 3

epidermis
dermis
subcutis

Question 4

what are the 2 types of dermis

Answer 4

papillary dermis and reticular dermis

Question 5

what are the adnexal structural units of the skin

Answer 5

pilar (hair) units
eccrine units
apocrine units

Question 6

what are the pilar units of skin

Answer 6

pilosebaceous units, arrector pili muscles

Question 7

what are the eccrine units of skin

Answer 7

eccrine glands and ducts

Question 8

what are the apocrine unites of skin

Answer 8

apocrine glands and ducts

Question 9

where is papillary dermis

Answer 9

right beneath the dermal epidermal jucntion

Question 10

what are the stratums of skin in order from most superficial to deep

Answer 10

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

Question 11

what is a sebaceous gland

Answer 11

oil gland

Question 12

what is an eccrine gland

Answer 12

sweat gland

Question 13

where are the apocrine glands located

Answer 13

deep dermis and often at junction of reticular dermis and subcutanous tissue

Question 14

what are melanocytes

Answer 14

supply keratinocytes with melanosomes

Question 15

what are the intercellular bridges between squamous cells

Answer 15

desmosomes

Question 16

what makes up the papillary dermis

Answer 16

type I collagen, parallel to surface
some type III and network of elastic fiber
healing by secondary intention
capillaries of superficial plexus (blushing and sunburn)

Question 17

what blistering immune diseases invade BM

Answer 17

bullous pemphigoid
dermatitis herpetiformis
epidermolysis bullosa

Question 18

what is a pacinian corpuscle

Answer 18

encapsulated nerve ending
pressure R
found in deep dermis or hypodermis

Question 19

what is a meissner corpuscle

Answer 19

touch R
confined to dermal papillae
most numerous on hands and feet

Question 20

what type of nerves detect pain and temp

Answer 20

free nerve endings from sympathetic nervous system that controls blood flow and hair movement

Question 21

what makes up the hypodermis

Answer 21

loose and dense CT
adipocytes arranged in lobules
fibroconnective tissue arranged in septae

Question 22

pancreatitis has what type panniculitis

Answer 22

lobular

Question 23

erythema nodosum has what type panniculitis

Answer 23

erythema nodosum

Question 24

hypodermis connects what

Answer 24

reticular dermis with fascia of underlying tissue

Question 25

roles of hypodermis (subcut)

Answer 25

body temp regulation (adipose)
primary depot for fat storage (large energy reserve)
aging most evident in this layer

Question 26

what are wrinkles

Answer 26

basal layer proliferation decreased melanocytes
decrease langerhans
thinning of ground substance

Question 27

what happens to hair follicles with age

Answer 27

decreased hair shaft diameter

decreased number hair follicles (decreased oil production leading to xerosis or dry skin)

Question 28

what is solar elastosis

Answer 28

actinic degeneration of reticular dermis collagen

Question 29

what is telangiectasia

Answer 29

small dilated blood vessels

Question 30

what are the changes in dermis associated with sunburn

Answer 30

increased blood flow

superficial blood vessels show endothelial swelling, perivenular edema, mixed perivascular inflammatory infiltrate