Derm path I Flashcards
excoriation
traumatic lesion breaking epidermis causing scratch
self induced
lichenification
thick and rough skin
repeated rubbing causes it
what is a macule and patch
macule is 5 mm
circumscribed flat lesion distinguished from surrounding skin by color
what is a papule/ nodule
elevated dome shaped or flat topped lesion
papule 5mm
what is a plaque
elevated flat topped lesion
usually greater than 5 mm
what is a pustule
discrete pus filled raised lesion
what is a scale
dry horny platelike excrescence
usually from imperfect cornification
what is a blister
vesicle
bulla
any fluid filled raised lesion
vesicle 5mm
what is a wheal
itchy transient elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema formed as result of dermal edema
acantholysis
loss of intercellular cohesion between keratinocytes
acanthosis
diffuse epidermal hyperplasia
dyskeratosis
abnormal premature keratinization within cells below the stratum granulosum
erosion
discontinuity of skin showing incomplete loss of epidermis
what is exocytosis
infiltration of the epidermis by inflammatory cells
hydropic swelling
intracellular edema of keratinocytes
often seen in viral infections
what is hypergranulosis
hyperplasia stratum grnaulosum from intesnse rubbing
what is hyperkeratosis
thickening of stratum corneum
assoc with qualitative abnormality of the keratin
lentiginous
linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer
what is papillomatosis
surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae
parakeratosis
keratinization with retained nuclei in stratum corneum
spongiosis
intercellular edema of the epidermis
ulceration
discontinuity of the skin whoing complete loss of epidermis revealing dermis or subcutis
vacuoliation
formation of vacuoles within or adjacent to cells
refers to basal cell BM zone area
what are fibroepithelial polyps
skin tags
acrochordon
fibroma molle
squamous papilloma
fibroepithelial polyps are assoc with what
areas of rubbing by clothing (collar of neck or groin)
other names for epithelial inclusion cyst
epithelial cyst
follicular cyst
wen
where do epithelial inclusion cysts occur
face, scalp and upper trunk where there are lots of hair follicles
cause of epithelial inclusion cysts
obstruction hair follicle above infundibulum near where hair shaft extends beyond skin surface
micro epithelial inclusion cyst
filled with keratinous debris and lined by squamous epithelium with granular cell layer
what occurs if epithelial inclusion cyst ruptures
provoke chronic inflammatory reaction with granuloma elicited by the extravasted keratin
(foreign body giant cell reaction
cause of seborrheic keratosis
proliferation of epidermal basal cells
where does seborrheic keratosis appear
non sun exposed skin like trunk and proximal extremities, lateral neck
seborrheic keratosis can mimic what skin condition
malignant melanoma
postage stamp appearance
seborrheic keratosis
leser trelat
acute onset of seborrheic keratosis with malignancies (GI mostly)
mutation in seborrheic keratosis
fibroblast growth factor R 3
what is acanthosis nigricans
hyperpigmentation flexural regions: axilla, skin folds of neck, groin and anogenital regions
acanthosis nigricans is hyperplasia of what
epidermal stratum spinosum
acanthosis nigricans in childhood is most likely what
benign
acanthosis nigricans acute onset in adult, need to look for what
underly malignant adenocarcinoma because these stimulate epidermis to undergo epidermal hyperplasia
what do the benign adnexal neoplasms look like
symmetrical
small
superficial
vertical in orientation
characteristics malignant adnexal tumors
asymmetrical large deep and wide
what are the types of malignant adnexal tumors
sebaceous carcinoma
eccrine carcinoma
apocrine carcinoma
most common type malignant adnexal tumor
sebaceous carcinoma
trichoepithleiomas, trichofolliculoma, tricholemmoma and pilomatricoma all involve what
hair follicle
what syndrome has multiple tricholemmomas with dominant inheritance
cowden syndrome
sebaceous adenoma and sebaceous epithelioma involve what
sebaceous gland
Muir Torre syndrome
sebaceous adenomas with association colorectal malignancy (lynch)
syringoma, cylindroma, poroma involve what area of body
eccrine glands
What is turban tumor
massive confluent cylindromas
buds of basaloid cells that resemble primitive hair follicules
trichoepithelioma
