Derm path I

Question 1

excoriation

Answer 1

traumatic lesion breaking epidermis causing scratch

self induced

Question 2

lichenification

Answer 2

thick and rough skin

repeated rubbing causes it

Question 3

what is a macule and patch

Answer 3

macule is 5 mm

circumscribed flat lesion distinguished from surrounding skin by color

Question 4

what is a papule/ nodule

Answer 4

elevated dome shaped or flat topped lesion

papule 5mm

Question 5

what is a plaque

Answer 5

elevated flat topped lesion

usually greater than 5 mm

Question 6

what is a pustule

Answer 6

discrete pus filled raised lesion

Question 7

what is a scale

Answer 7

dry horny platelike excrescence

usually from imperfect cornification

Question 8

what is a blister
vesicle
bulla

Answer 8

any fluid filled raised lesion

vesicle 5mm

Question 9

what is a wheal

Answer 9

itchy transient elevated lesion with variable blanching and erythema formed as result of dermal edema

Question 10

acantholysis

Answer 10

loss of intercellular cohesion between keratinocytes

Question 11

acanthosis

Answer 11

diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

Question 12

dyskeratosis

Answer 12

abnormal premature keratinization within cells below the stratum granulosum

Question 13

erosion

Answer 13

discontinuity of skin showing incomplete loss of epidermis

Question 14

what is exocytosis

Answer 14

infiltration of the epidermis by inflammatory cells

Question 15

hydropic swelling

Answer 15

intracellular edema of keratinocytes

often seen in viral infections

Question 16

what is hypergranulosis

Answer 16

hyperplasia stratum grnaulosum from intesnse rubbing

Question 17

what is hyperkeratosis

Answer 17

thickening of stratum corneum

assoc with qualitative abnormality of the keratin

Question 18

lentiginous

Answer 18

linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer

Question 19

what is papillomatosis

Answer 19

surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae

Question 20

parakeratosis

Answer 20

keratinization with retained nuclei in stratum corneum

Question 21

spongiosis

Answer 21

intercellular edema of the epidermis

Question 22

ulceration

Answer 22

discontinuity of the skin whoing complete loss of epidermis revealing dermis or subcutis

Question 23

vacuoliation

Answer 23

formation of vacuoles within or adjacent to cells

refers to basal cell BM zone area

Question 24

what are fibroepithelial polyps

Answer 24

skin tags
acrochordon
fibroma molle
squamous papilloma

Question 25

fibroepithelial polyps are assoc with what

Answer 25

areas of rubbing by clothing (collar of neck or groin)

Question 26

other names for epithelial inclusion cyst

Answer 26

epithelial cyst follicular cyst wen

Question 27

where do epithelial inclusion cysts occur

Answer 27

face, scalp and upper trunk where there are lots of hair follicles

Question 28

cause of epithelial inclusion cysts

Answer 28

obstruction hair follicle above infundibulum near where hair shaft extends beyond skin surface

Question 29

micro epithelial inclusion cyst

Answer 29

filled with keratinous debris and lined by squamous epithelium with granular cell layer

Question 30

what occurs if epithelial inclusion cyst ruptures

Answer 30

provoke chronic inflammatory reaction with granuloma elicited by the extravasted keratin (foreign body giant cell reaction

Question 31

cause of seborrheic keratosis

Answer 31

proliferation of epidermal basal cells

Question 32

where does seborrheic keratosis appear

Answer 32

non sun exposed skin like trunk and proximal extremities, lateral neck

Question 33

seborrheic keratosis can mimic what skin condition

Answer 33

malignant melanoma

Question 34

postage stamp appearance

Answer 34

seborrheic keratosis

Question 35

leser trelat

Answer 35

acute onset of seborrheic keratosis with malignancies (GI mostly)

Question 36

mutation in seborrheic keratosis

Answer 36

fibroblast growth factor R 3

Question 37

what is acanthosis nigricans

Answer 37

hyperpigmentation flexural regions: axilla, skin folds of neck, groin and anogenital regions

Question 38

acanthosis nigricans is hyperplasia of what

Answer 38

epidermal stratum spinosum

Question 39

acanthosis nigricans in childhood is most likely what

Answer 39

benign

Question 40

acanthosis nigricans acute onset in adult, need to look for what

Answer 40

underly malignant adenocarcinoma because these stimulate epidermis to undergo epidermal hyperplasia

Question 41

what do the benign adnexal neoplasms look like

Answer 41

symmetrical small superficial vertical in orientation

Question 42

characteristics malignant adnexal tumors

Answer 42

asymmetrical large deep and wide

Question 43

what are the types of malignant adnexal tumors

Answer 43

sebaceous carcinoma eccrine carcinoma apocrine carcinoma

Question 44

most common type malignant adnexal tumor

Answer 44

sebaceous carcinoma

Question 45

trichoepithleiomas, trichofolliculoma, tricholemmoma and pilomatricoma all involve what

Answer 45

hair follicle

Question 46

what syndrome has multiple tricholemmomas with dominant inheritance

Answer 46

cowden syndrome

Question 47

sebaceous adenoma and sebaceous epithelioma involve what

Answer 47

sebaceous gland

Question 48

Muir Torre syndrome

Answer 48

sebaceous adenomas with association colorectal malignancy (lynch)

Question 49

syringoma, cylindroma, poroma involve what area of body

Answer 49

eccrine glands

Question 50

What is turban tumor

Answer 50

massive confluent cylindromas

Question 51

buds of basaloid cells that resemble primitive hair follicules

Answer 51

trichoepithelioma