Movement Science Unit 9 Resistance Exercise

Question 1

Manual vs Mechanical Resistance

Which type of resistance can be quantitatively measured?

Answer 1

Mechanical Resistance

Manual can no be measured quantitatively

Question 2

Manual vs Mechanical Resistance

Which type of resistance is most useful in late stages of an exercise program or when the muscles are strong enough?

Answer 2

Mechanical Resistance

Manual is used more in early stages or when the muscles are weak

Question 3

What are some advantages of Isokinetic Exercises?

What are disadvantages?

Answer 3

• Max resistance through range
• Can be concentric or eccentric
• Accommodates for pain
• Exercise at functional speeds

Disadvantages are:
- Time consuming
- Expensive

Question 4

What are Isotonic Exercise?

Answer 4

Exercise where the load remains constant, Dynamic Exercise against Constant External Resistance (DCER)

Ex:
- Free weights
- Fixed-cable systems
- Weighted machines
- functional movements

Question 5

What are some advantages of Weight Machines?

What are some disadvantages?

Answer 5

• They have external support
• They work on single muscle or muscle groups
• They are safe
• Easy to document

• They are non-functional
• They work in a single plane of motion
• Pts may have compensations
• They are expensive

Question 6

What are some advantages of Adjustable Cable Systems?

What are disadvantages?

Answer 6

• They are versatile
• Can be used in a single plane or multiplane of motion
• They are functional

• They do not have external support
• They are expensive

Question 7

What factors must be considered with Resistance training?

Answer 7

• Tissue stage of healing
• Underlying pathologies
• Severity of impairment
• Co-morbidities
• The pts ability to cooperate and learn
• How to transition from rehab setting to home/gym based program

Question 8

What are Functional Exercises?

Answer 8

These are specific exercises that have a positive carryover or benefit to health or the performance of the individuals daily tasks, occupation or their sport/physical activity or for improved resilence to injury

Question 9

With Functional Exercises what factors need to be considered?

Answer 9

• These exercises are based on goals of rehab program
• These exercises intergrate the movement system
• These exercises progress levels of difficulty

Question 10

With healthy novice adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time for Strength?

Answer 10

60-70% RM
2-4 sets
8-12 reps
2-3 min resting

Question 11

With healthy ADVANCED adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time for Strength?

Answer 11

> 80% RM
2-4 sets
1-8 reps
2-3 min resting

Question 12

With healthy sedentary/older adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time for Strength?

Answer 12

40-50% RM
1-4 sets
10-15 reps
2-3 min resting

Question 13

With healthy novice adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time (high/low intensity) for Hypertrophy?

Answer 13

70-85% RM
1-3 sets
8-12 reps
2-3 min if high intensity; 1-2 min if low intensity

Question 14

With healthy advanced adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time (high/low intensity) for Hypertrophy?

Answer 14

70-100% RM
3-6 sets
1-12 reps
2-3 min if high intensity; 1-2 min if low intensity

Question 15

With healthy adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time (high/low intensity) for Power?

Answer 15

30-60% RM
2-4 sets
3-6 reps
2-3 min if high intensity; 1-2 min if low intensity

Question 16

With sedentary/older adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time (high/low intensity) for Power?

Answer 16

20-50% RM
1-3 sets
3-6 reps
2-3 min if high intensity; 1-2 min if low intensity

Question 17

With healthy adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time for Muscle Endurance?

Answer 17

<70% RM
2-4 sets
10-25 reps
30 secs to 1 min resting

Question 18

With Sedentary/Older adults, what should be the %1RM, sets, reps, and resting time for Muscle Endurance?

Answer 18

<50% RM
2-4 sets
15-20 reps
30 secs to 1 min resting

Question 19

According to the Holten Curve, what is recommended for a patient in Stage I?
- How may they present? The exercises dosed will do what in this stage? What type of contractions are typically avoided?

Answer 19

3-5 exercises, 2-3 sets, and 30+ reps
Mobilizations: 5 sets 30-45 reps, several times a day

Healing stage

(May present with reduced A/PROM, P!, M. guarding, edema, increased tissue temp., and poor coordination. Exercises will be dosed to inhibit P! and guarding to promote vascularity. Exercises are performed at low speed and within P! free ROM)
Eccentrics are typically avoided secondary increased tissue stress as are isometric as they inhibit blood flow

Question 20

According to the Holten Curve, what is recommended for a patient in Stage II? (How many exercises, rest time, how often?) When is it indicated?

Answer 20

6-8 exercises, 30-60 seconds of rest between sets, 30 reps/minute, every 6-10 hours

(Progression is Indicated when there is a reduction in P! intensity, and it has dropped from constant to intermittent and ROM has improved to within 10-25% of normal. The PT can increase the number of reps through an increase in the number of exercises. Speed of performance can be increased and eccentrics can be incorporated)

Question 21

According to the Holten Curve, what is recommended for a patient in Stage III?
(Whats the rest b/n sets, how much time b/n each session)

Answer 21

Full Range, No pain, 1.5 - 5 min between sets, 48-72 hours between sessions

(At progression the Pt. will demonstrate full arthrokinematics and osteokinematic motion and full ROM, P! free weight bearing. Excessive reps or heavy loads may still result in P! and the Pt. will demonstrate continued deficits in coordination at increased speeds. PT will increase resistance towards 80% of 1RM will reduced reps to focus on function of strength and power. Concentric lifts with eccentric return are emphasized to stabilize around the newly gained ROM. Tri-planar motions are incorporated, and isometric holds may be utilized to promote stability)

Question 22

According to the Holten Curve, what is recommended for a patient in Stage IV?
What type of exercise, time b/n sets, time b/n sessions)

Answer 22

Plyometric, sport/hobby specific. 1.5-5 min between sets, 48-72 hours between sessions

(This stage is initiated when the Pt. demonstrates full active and passive ROM and is P! free even with significant level of exercise. PT prescribes task or sport specific exercises dosed for strength, speed, endurance and muscle hypertrophy (80-90% 1RM). Tri-Planar motions can include plyometrics and combinations of fast concentric and slow eccentrci work to emphasize strength. Higher level balance and coordinative tasks are utilized to continue to challenge the Pt. to prepare for RTW, sport and daily activity)