Movement Science 2 Aquatics Flashcards
What is Aquatic Exercise?
The use of water that facilitates the application of established therapeutic intervention, including stretching, strengthening, joint mobilizations, balance and gait training and endurance training
What are some goals and indications for Aqutic therapy?
- Facilitates ROM exercise
- initiate resistance training
- Facilitate cardiovascular exercise
- Minimize risk of injury during rehab
- Enhace pt relaxation
What are the Precautions for Aquatic Exercise?
- Fear of water
- Neurological disorders:
Ataxia, heat-intolerant type of MS, and controlled epilepsy - Respiratory disorder
- Small open wounds and lines
- Cardiac dysfunctions:
Angina, Abnormal BP, Heart disease
What are the Contraindications to Aquatic Exercise?
- Incipient cardiac failure and unstable angina
- Respirator disfunction
- Severe PVD (Peripheral Vascular Disease)
- Open wounds
- Uncontrollable bowel or bladder
What are the properties of water?
- Buoyancy provides relative weightlessness
- Buoyancy provides resistance
- Air in the lungs affects buoyancy
- Body compisition affects buoyancy
Properties of Water
What is Hydrostatic Pressure?
Increased pressure reduces or limits effusion, assist in venous return, induces bradycardia and centralizes peripheral blow
- The depth and pressure allows patients to perform exercises more easily when closer to a surface
Properties of Water
What is Viscosity?
- Increasing the velocity of movement increases the resistance
- Increasing the surface area moving through water increases resistance
Properties of Water
What is Surface Tension?
- An extremity that moves through the surface performs more work that if kept under water
- Using equipment at the surface of the water increases the resistance
What is Hydromechanics?
Hydromechanics comprises the physcial properties and characteristics of fluid in motion
- The cumulative effect of turbulence and fluid viscosity acting on an object in motion is known as DRAG
Clinical Significance of DRAG: As the speed of the movement through water increases, resistance to motion increases
What is Temperature Transfer?
Water conducts temperature 25 times faster than air
- Heat transfer increases with velocity. A patient moving through water loses body temperture faster than an immersed patient at rest
Aquatic Temperature and Therapeutic Exercise
When doing Mobility and Functional Control Exercise, what should the temp of the water be? Why is this beneficial?
- Aquatic exercises, including flexibility, strengthening, gait training and relaxation may be performed in temperatures between 26° C (78.8°F) and 35° C (95°F)
- Therapeutic exercise performed in warm water (33°C) may be benefical for patients with acute painful MSK injuries because of the effects of relaxation, elevated pain threshold and decreased muscle spasm
Aquatic Temperature and Therapeutic Exercise
At what temperature should Aerobic conditioning take place? How long should these exercises last?
- Intense aerobic training performed above 80% of pt HRmax should take place in temperatures between 22°C and 26°C to minimize the risk of heat illness
- Generally, use a maximum immersion of 20 minutes for pts for non-compromised cardiopulmonary system. Begin with 10 min sessions and increase the time as tolerated.
- Always monitor vital signs**
- Temp between 36 and 37°C are considered high, between 26 and 25° are considered low
The pts fatique should always be considered
When are higher water temperatures recommended?
For patients with RA except in the acute stage
When are lower water temperatures recommended?
For patients with spasticity or for those whose immersion time last 20 to 45 minutes
For General Flexibility, strengthening, Gait training and relaxation what should be the range of the water temperature?
Between 26 and 35°C
