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Term 3 > Movement Science Unit 13 Taping and Bracing > Flashcards

Movement Science Unit 13 Taping and Bracing Flashcards

1
Q

What causes Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)?

What aggravates this?

A

Abnormal biomechanics in LE kinetic chain

Aggravated by:
- Prolonged sitting (“Movie goers sign”)
- Squatting
- Stair climbing
- Stair descending

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2
Q

What are the S/S of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?

A
  • Pain worse with walking, squatting, kneeling, running and/or sitting
  • Swelling in the knee
  • A grinding or popping sensation
  • “Knee buckling” occurs when knee cannot bear weight
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3
Q

With PFPS, what direction would the paterlla track if there was Patellofemoral instability?

A

Usually tracks in a lateral direction

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4
Q

What can Patellofemoral Pain syndrome cause? What are the can be done for treatment?

A

Causes:
- Decreased hip strength
- Decreased quad strength
- Poor patellar tracking
- Ankle mobility (Hypo/Hyper)

Treatment:
- Strengthen gluteals
- Strengthen quads
- Patellar taping/brace to increase or control ankle motion

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5
Q

What are the Normative Q Ankle values for men and women?

What can a High Q Angle cause?

A

Men: 13°
Women: 18°

This causes the quads to pull on the patella, which leads to poor tracking predisposition for pain

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6
Q

What are the structural variables that increase the Q-Angle?

A
  • Coxa vara
  • Femoral antertorsion or Femoral IR
  • Genu Valgus
  • External Tibial Rotation
  • Lateral Displacement of the Tibial Tuberosity
  • Pes Planus, Calcaneal Eversion, Hind-foot pronation

We cannot truly assess the Q-Angle if the patella is out of position. Use the trochlear groove between the medial and lateral femoral condyles

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7
Q

What are the forces at the Patellofemoral Joint?

A
  • As the knee flexes, the contact areas move proximally on the undersurface of the patella
  • Ideally, in full extension there is no patella to femur contact
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8
Q

What is the relationship between Patellofemoral Joint and Joint Reaction Forces?

A

As the quad force increases, the Joint Reaction Force Increases

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9
Q

At what degrees in the Patellofemoral Joint under the greatest stress?

A
  • Greatest in Closed Chain Squat at 90°
  • Least amount in Close Chain < 45°
  • OKC EXT-VR lowest at 90° - steadily increases at the knee extends
  • OCK EXT-CR (isokinetic machine) under constant stress throughout with peak stress at 0°

OKC = Open kinetic Chain

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10
Q

Proper Patellar Tracking is Dependent on the Integrity of what structures?

A
  • Medial Retinaculum
  • VMO sufficiency
  • Prominent lateral femoral condyle or normal trochlear groove
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11
Q

What are some Factors that produce Abnormal Patellar Alignment and Motion?

A
  • Anything that increases the Q-Angle
  • Tight/weak Rectus Femoris
  • Tight TFL and IT Band
  • Weak VMO
  • Weak Hip Stabilizers
  • Hind-foot pronation
  • Excessive pelvic tilt
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12
Q

What are the 3 Main Taping Techniques recognized within the therapeutic community?

A
  • Prophylactic Athletic Taping
  • McConnell and Mulligan Taping
  • Kinesiotaping Method
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13
Q

Why should Therapist use Prophylactic Athletic Taping?

A
  • Limits or assist motion in ACUTE injurines or injury prevention
  • Compressive force to the skin, joint and muscles
  • This may require pre-tape or adhesive
  • Has a limited wear time
  • Often contains latex

Not rehabilitative

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14
Q

Why should therapist use McConnell and Mulligan taping?

A
  • Limits normal ROM
  • This requires combination of tapes: extremely rigid tape placed over a cotton mesh
  • This has a limited wear time
  • Joint strapping with limit pathological movement
  • Latex and non-latex adhesives
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15
Q

With McConnell Taping, If we are trying to correct the Patellar Position of Lateral Glide, where would we apply the tape?

A

We would apply tape to Lateral Border of the patella

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16
Q

With McConnell Taping, If we are trying to correct the Patellar Position of Lateral Tilt, where would we apply the tape?

A

We would apply tape to Middle of Patella to Medial Femoral Condyle (MFC)

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17
Q

With McConnell Taping, If we are trying to correct the Patellar Position of External Rotation, where would we apply the tape?

A

We would apply tape to Middle of Inferior border of Patella to MFC

18
Q

Why should a therapist use Kinesiotaping?

A
  • This type allows practitioner to target specific tissues
  • Allows normal ROM
  • Its therapeutic benefits are achieved by tissue glide, decompression, or compression
  • Can be worn 3-5 days with “good skin tolerance”

With Kinisiotaping, we should use a test patch (1-2 blocks with no tension in the abdomen or treament area. Evaluate the sensitivity after a few hours or days)

19
Q

What are the benefits of Kinesiotaping?

A
  • It Mechanically Decompresses the skin and the underlying tissues it is applied to
  • It stimulates all sensory nerves in the skin and underlying tisseus
  • Tissue decompression relieves pressure, allows better circulation and reduces swelling at the site of the injury
20
Q

What are the Contraindications of Kinesiotaping?

A
  • Fragile or healing skin
  • Malignant sites
  • Cellulitis or infected areas
  • Known taping allergies
21
Q

What are the precautions for kinesiotaping?

A
  • DM
  • Kidney disease
  • CHF
  • Asthma
  • High or low blood pressure
  • Open wounds
  • Pregnancy
22
Q

Before using Kinesiotape, how should the skin be prepaired?

A
  • The skin should be clean and dry
  • The skin should be free from oils or creams
  • The skin should be clipped or shaved if there is any dense or matted hair
23
Q

What are the K-Tape Basic Cuts?

A
24
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is the Anchor?

A

The beginning of application, 0% tension applied in neutral position

25
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is End?

A

The last part laid down, 0% tension applied in stretching positions

26
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is Therapeutic Zone/

A

The Zone between the anchor and end; applied to target tissue

27
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is Target Tissue?

A

The tissue requiring treatment

28
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is stretch?

A

The position of the body of excursion of the skin to limit folds

29
Q

K-Tape Terminology

What is Therapeutic Direction Recoil?

A

When the tape recoils toward the anchor or toward the center (50% of tension or below)

30
Q

With K-Tape, how is Pain Taping applied?

A

Pain Taping requires between 1-3 pieces of K-tape. These are stabilization strips and the decompression strip
- Stabilization strips run along the length of the area being tapes (no stretch, 0%); Decompression strips are applied perpendicular to the stabilization strip (stretched up to 50% in the middle and applied over the area of greatest pain

31
Q

What are the benefits of Fluid Dynamic Taping?

A
  • It helps improve the fluid handled by the lymphatic system. This is beneficial during acute injuries as well as during the recovery of strenuous exercise and training
  • Also has a neurological effect that supports normal movement
32
Q

With K-Taping, how is Fluid Dynamic Taping Applied?

A
  • Cut two strips of K-tape (2’’ or 4’’ width can be used) that would cover the affected area of swelling. (Pre-cut fan tapes can also be used to save time)
  • (If not useing pre-cut tape) Cut “fingers” lengthwise into the strips of tape, leaving approximately 2’’ of one end ot the tape uncut
  • Place the anchor (uncut end) toward the periphery of the swollen area and then “fan out” the fingers of the tape so they cover a good portion of the swollen area. Rub the tape to activate the adhesive
33
Q

Why is Posture Taping important with K-Taping?

A

Improving posture is a central theme in the practices of most manual therapists because loss of ideal posture represents a structural problem that affects stability, movement, joint mechanics and efficient muscle function
- Posture is at the core of many pain syndromes, headaches, joint and muscle pain that can lead to acute and chronic injuries

34
Q

With K-tape, how Posture Taping applied?

A

The client is placed in a corrected posture (but not exaggerated) and the tape is applied while they maintain that posture, we are taping a specific movement pattern not a muscle
- Apply the K-tape along the fascical line(s) that will facilitate the intended posture
- Apply the strip(s) of tape with 0% or paper off tension

35
Q

With K-Tape, what is the approach with Nerve Entrapment Taping?

A

This utilizes a single long strip that begins at the spine or most proximal entrapment site and follows the affected nerve distally through as much of its length as possible.
- The nerve that is affected should be lengthened through stretching and the tape should be applied with paper-off tension
- This should be coupled with treatments that will reduce the nerve entrapement, including treatment of the mechanical interfaces as well as gliders and tensioners

36
Q

With Kinesio-Taping, how should the tape be applied with Overactive Muscle Correction? and what percent of tension?

A
  • Applied Distal to Proximal
  • 15-25% tension
37
Q

With Kinesio-Taping, how should the tape be applied with Underactive Muscle Correction? and what percent of tension?

A
  • Applied Proxial to Distal
  • 15-35% tension
38
Q

Kinesio-Tape

With Lymphatic and Pain Application, what percent of Tension should the tape be applied?

A

0-15%

39
Q

Kinesio-Tape

With Muscle lengthening/Relaxation , what percent of tension should the tape be applied?

A

15-25%

40
Q

Kinesio-Tape

With Muscle Strengthening/Facilitation, what percent of tension should be applied?

A

25-35%

41
Q

Kinesio-Tape

With Mechanical Corrections techniques, what percent of tension should be applied?

A

50-75%

42
Q

Kinesio-Tape

With Ligament Techniques, what is the percent of tension that should be applied?

A

75-100%

Term 3 (51 decks)

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