Movement/Joints of the spine Flashcards
Where does the hyaline cartlidge of the vertebrae line ?
Hyaline cartilage lines the inferior and superior aspects of the vertebral body, with a intervertebral disc between each vertebra.
Intervertebral disc is composed of two parts
What are they and what do they do ?
1) Anulus fibrosus
Strong outer ring of collagen surrounding fibrocartilage, arranged in a lamellar structure.
This strong connection limits rotation of vertebrae.
2) Nucleus pulposus
Gelatinous filling that absorbs compression forces between vertebrae.
What does anulus fibrosus contain ?
Strong outer ring of collagen surrounding fibrocartilage, arranged in a lamellar structure.
This strong connection limits rotation of vertebrae
What does the nucleus pulposus contain ?
Gelatinous filling that absorbs compression forces between vertebrae.
What is the Zygapophysial Joint?
Joints between vertebral arches via articular processes.
Articular capsule attached to articular facets, connecting the inferior and superior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae.
What movements does the Zygapophysial Joint
allow movement for in the:
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Specialised for each region and movements:
- Cervical - Slopes inferiorly from anterior to posterior. Flexion and extension
- Thoracic
Near vertical gradient
Rotation
-Lumbar
Curved and interlock
Flexion and extension
What are extrinsic muscles innervated by ?
ventral rami
What are Intrinsic muscles innervated by ?
Dorsal Rami
What intrinsic muscle rotates and extends head ?
Splenius capitis
What intrinsic muscle rotates and extends cervical spine ?
Splenius cervicis
What intrinsic muscle allows
Extension of thoracic and lumbar spines
Lateral flexion of trunk
Control descent of spine in flexion
Iliocostalis
Most lateral erector spinae muscle
Runs to the costal angles of the rib cervical transverse processes
Longissimus
“The longest one”
Runs to the lower ribs, TP of C2-T12 and the mastoid process
Spinalis
Most medial erector spinae muscle
Inserts onto C2 and T1-T8 spinous processes and the occipital bone
What are the spinotransverse muscles ?
Semi-spinalis
Multifidus
What ligament connects vertebrae by their lamina ?
Ligamentum flava
Interconnect vertebrae by their lamina
Mostly elastic tissue
Allow movement in flexion and help pull the vertebral column back to anatomical position during extension.
What ligament connects the vertebrae by their spinous processes ?
Interspinous ligament
Interconnect vertebrae by their spinous processes
Blends with the supraspinous ligament posteriorly
Blends with the ligamentum flava anteriorly
What ligament connects along the apex of the spinous processes?
Supraspinous ligament
Connects along the apex of the spinous processes
Helps keep the shape of vertebral column
What ligament Triangular structure connecting the spinous process of C7 to:
The base of the skull (external occipital protuberance to foramen magnum).
Posterior tubercle of C1 and remaining spinous processes
Ligamentum nuchae
Blends with supraspinous ligament but structurally distinct
Triangular structure connecting the spinous process of C7 to:
The base of the skull (external occipital protuberance to foramen magnum).
Posterior tubercle of C1 and remaining spinous processes.
Supports the head, aids in returning it to anatomical position and resists flexion.
