Bone disorders in children

Question 1

What are the two types of bone torsion that present in children ?

Answer 1

• Femoral Torsion : femoral head may be twisted

Tibial Torsion : Inward-facing toes, or pigeon-toed appearance, outward-facing toes, Bowed legs

Question 2

What are the causes of femoral or tibial torsion in a child ?

Answer 2

• Position of the baby in the uterus

Question 3

How to treat femoral or tibial torsion in a child ?

Answer 3

• As the child grows, walking will become more normal.
• If the case is severe, treatment may help straighten the shinbones.
• Orthotic shoes or shoe inserts
• Casting or leg braces
  Surgery

Question 4

Inward-facing toes or outwards-facing toes in children are often seen in what conditions?

Answer 4

Tibial Torsion

Question 5

What is osteochondroses?

What is it caused by?

What issues is it associated with ?

Answer 5

A group of disorders that hinders bone growth in children and adolescence.

It is caused by impaired blood flow to the joints, resulting in located tissue death ( necrosis)

Ossification abnormality ( production of microfractures)

Osteonecrotic osteochondrosis ( localised necrosis of apophyseal or epiphyseal centre)

Question 6

What is chondrosis always related to ?

Answer 6

chondrocyte/cartilage

Question 7

What is Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

What age does it present most commonly ?

Is it more common in boys or girls ?

Answer 7

• A childhood hip disorder initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur.
• The bone dies and stops growing (bone becomes weak and fractures easily).
• Affects children of nearly any age, most common between 4-5.
• More common in boys

Question 8

Name a type of Osteochondroses

Answer 8

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Question 9

What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta ?

What causes it ?

Answer 9

-AKA brittle bone disease

• Genetic condition in which bones break easily.
• The defect in the genes causes the body to make collagen incorrectly or not make enough, leading to weak bones that break more easily

Question 10

What is Rickets?

What causes it ?

What are the symptoms?

Answer 10

• Rickets is a condition that affects bone development in children.
• Caused by a lack of vitamin D, which results in poor absorption of calcium in intestines.
• Causes bone pain, poor growth, soft, weak bones and bone deformities.

Question 11

What is the adult version of rickets ?

Answer 11

osteomalacia