Bone Disorders - Fractures Flashcards
What is a open fracture?
Open fracture: skin broken
What type of fracture is this ?
Open fracture
What is a greenstick fracture ?
A bone cracks on one side only, not through the bone. It is called a “greenstick” fracture
What type of fracture is this ?
Greenstick fracture
What is a Comminuted fracture?
Associated with Splintering/ Crushing.
A comminuted fracture describes a bone that has been broken in three or more places.
What type of fracture is this ?
Comminuted fracture
What is an impacted fracture ?
An impacted fracture occurs when the broken ends of the bone are jammed together by the force of the injury
Impacted fracture: force pushes into interior
What type of fracture is this ?
Impacted fracture
What is a POTT’s Fracture ?
A Pott’s fracture is a type of ankle fracture, characterized by a break in the lateral or medial malleolus, one of the bony protrusions on the sides of the ankle.
What type of fracture is this ?
POTTS fracture
What is a COLLES fracture ?
Broken radius
A Colles fracture is a break in the radius close to the wrist. I
What type of fracture is this ?
What are the phases of bone healing ?
1- Reactive Phase
2- Reparative Phase
3- Reparative Phase and callus formation
4-Bone remodelling phase
Explain the phases of bone healing
Phase 1 (Reactive): Blood vessels around the break break, forming a haematoma around the site. The bones surrounding the break die due to necrosis.
Phase 2 (Reparative) - Vasculogenesis of the haematoma- removal of dead cells by phagocytes
Fibroblasts move into the fracture to produce collagen. Perisostiem develop into chondroblats. this takes about 3 weeks.
Phase 3 (Reparative phase and callus formation) - Osteoprogenitor cells from the periosteum develop into osteoblast. Fibrocartilage is converted to spongy bone, and the callus is now called a bony callus
The bony callus lasts about 3-4 month
Phase 4 (Bone remodelling) - Spongy bone is replaced by compact bone.
