mouth Flashcards
where does oral cavity extend from
lips to pharynx
what does oral cavity contain
- tongue
- teeth
- gums
what are primary functions of oral cavity
- mastication
- swallowing
- speech
what is often a factor of mouth diseases
poor dental hygiene
what is idiopathic aphthous ulceration
recurrent painful round or ovoid mouth ulcers with inflammatory halos
who usually gets aphthous ulceration
- women
- non-smokers
when does aphthous ulceration first appear
childhood and are frequent before age 40
causes of mouth ulcers
- IBD - crohns
- coeliac disease
- herpes
- candidiasis
- TB
- dentures
- drugs
what is advice for aphthous ulceration
- avoid acidic food or drinks
- avoid foods that cause pain
what is given for aphthous ulceration to reduce the attack
steroids
what is carcinoma of mouth
squamous cell carcinoma
where do most malignant mouth tumours develop
- floor of mouth
- lateral borders of tongue
how are mouth tumours recognised
hard, indurated ulcers with. raised and rolled edges
causes of mouth ulcers
- smoking
- heavy alcohol consumption
- areca nut
what are some pre-malignant lesions of mouth
- leukoplakia
- lichen planus
treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of mouth
- surgical excision
what are transient white patches in mouth due to
candida infection
when is oral candiasis in adults seen
following therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics
or
inhaled steroids
what should always be done in oral white patches
biopsy
histology of oral white patches
- alteration in keratinisation
- dysplasia of epithelium
what is glossitis
red, smooth, sore tongue
what is glossitis associated with
vitamin B12, folate, iron, nicotinic acid deficiency
what is a black hairy tongue due to
proliferation of chromogenic microorganisms causing brown staining of elongated filiform papillae
what can cause black hairy tongue
- heavy smoking
- use of antiseptic mouthwash
another name for gums
gingivae
what is gingivitis
bacterial plaque
what is treatment of gingivitis
plaque removal
when does dental caries occur
as a result of bacterial damage to tooth structures leading to tooth decay
how can erosion of teeth occur
from exposure to acid or from GORD (occasionally)
