Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > gastroenteritis > Flashcards

gastroenteritis Flashcards

1
Q

what does it cause

A

diarrhoea +/- vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what treatment has reduced mortality rates

A

oral rehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

who is at risk of infection

A
  • travellers
  • men having sex with men
  • infants in day-care
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what virus causes outbreaks

A

norovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do some people get post-infection

A

IBS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

can e.coli cause diarrhoea

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what produces enterotoxins

A

by the bacteria adhering to the intestinal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what kind of diarrhoea does enterotoxins cause

A

watery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what enterotoxins are already in food

A
  • staph aureus

- bacillus cereus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what causes rice food poisoning

A

bacillus cereus

cooked rice left standing overnight at room temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do cytotoxins damage

A

the intestinal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what causes watery diarrhoea

A

enterotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what else does bacillus cereus and staph aureus cause

A

profuse vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where is salmonella found

A
  • livestock

- oviducts of chicken (eggs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does salmonella produce that causes diarrhoea

A

enterotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when does salmonella symptoms occur

A

12-48

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

symptoms of salmonella

A
  • nausea
  • cramping
  • abdominal pain
  • diarrhoea
  • fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

characteristics of diarrhoea caused by salmonella

A

profuse and watery or bloody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how is salmonella diagnosed

A

culturing the organism from blood or faeces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is treatment of salmonella

A

empirical and includes oral rehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what type of infection is campylobacter jejuni

A

zoonotic infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what animals have campylobacter jejuni

A

poultry and cattle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the most common cause of outbreaks of diarrhoea

A

campylobacter jejuni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the sources of campylobacter jejuni outbreaks

A
  • undercooked meat (beefburgers)

- contaminated milk products and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

how long is incubation period of campylobacter jejuni

A

2-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

symptoms of campylobacter jejuni

A
  • nausea
  • diarrhoea
  • severe abdominal cramps
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is diarrhoea like in campylobacter jejuni

A

profuse and watery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni

A

stool cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

treatment of campylobacter jejuni

A

azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what causes shigella

A

poor hygiene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

when do symptoms start in shigella

A

24-48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

symptoms of shigella

A
  • small-volume stools +blood

- dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

treatment of shigella

A

antibiotics - decreases severity

- ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

diagnosis of e.coli

A

stool culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what type of infection is e.coli

A

zoonotic

36
Q

what animals can cause e.coli

A

cattle

37
Q

when does e.coli present

A

12-48 hours

38
Q

symptoms of e.coli

A
  • diarrhoea + blood
  • abdominal pain
  • nausea
39
Q

what can patient develop in e.coli

A
  • thrombotic thrombocytopenic

- haemolytic uraemic syndrome

40
Q

treatment of e.coli

A

supportive

41
Q

what happens if antibiotics is given to patient with e.coli

A

higher risk of developing HUS

42
Q

what can staph aureus produce

A

heat-stable toxin

43
Q

what causes staph aureus

A

poor food hygiene

44
Q

how long does it take for symptoms in staph aureus

A

2-4 hours

45
Q

symptoms of staph aureus

A
  • violent vomiting

- profuse watery diarrhoea

46
Q

when do symptoms stop in staph aureus

A

within 24 hours

47
Q

symptoms of bacillus cereus

A
  • vomiting

- watery diarrhoea

48
Q

symptoms of clostridium difficile

A
  • watery diarrhoea
  • haemorrhagic colitis
  • lower abdominal pain
49
Q

what is clostridium difficile

A
  • gram-positive
  • anaerobic
  • spore forming
  • found as part of normal bowel flora
50
Q

what can cause c.difficile

A

antibiotic therapy

51
Q

what can c.difficile cause

A
  • intractable diarrhoea

- toxic megacolon

52
Q

diagnosis of c.difficile

A

detect A or B toxins in the stools using ELISA

53
Q

treatment of c.difficile

A
  • metronidazole 3 times a day
    or
    vancomycin 4 times a day
54
Q

what is main treatment for gastroenteritis

A

oral rehydration solutions

55
Q

source of staph aureus

A
  • humans

- contaminated food and water

56
Q

incubation period of staph aureus

A

2-4 hours

57
Q

symptoms of staph aureus

A
  • diarrhoea
  • vomiting
  • dehydration
58
Q

diagnosis of staph aureus

A

culture of organism

59
Q

source of e.coli

A
  • salads
  • water
  • ice
60
Q

incubation period of e.coli

A

24 hours

61
Q

symptoms of e.coli

A

watery diarrhoea

62
Q

diagnosis of e.coli

A

stool culture

63
Q

source of bacillus cereus

A
  • rice
  • ice cream
  • chicken
64
Q

incubation period of bacillus cereus

A

1-6 hours

65
Q

symptoms of bacillus cereus

A
  • vomiting

- diarrhoea

66
Q

diagnosis of bacillus cereus

A

culture of organism in faeces

67
Q

source of clostridium perfringens

A
  • contaminated food
68
Q

incubation period of clostridium perfringens

A

8-22 hours

69
Q

symptoms of clostridium perfringens

A
  • watery diarrhoea

- cramping pain

70
Q

diagnosis of clostridium perfringens

A

culture of organism

71
Q

sources of listeria monocytogenes

A
  • milk
  • raw
  • vegetables
  • dairy products
  • unpasteurised cheese
72
Q

symptoms of listeria monocytogenes

A
  • colic
  • diarrhoea
  • vomiting
73
Q

diagnosis of listeria monocytogenes

A

stool culture

74
Q

source of salmonella

A
  • cattle
  • poultry (eggs)
  • meat
75
Q

incubation of salmonella

A

12-48 hours

76
Q

symptoms of salmonella

A
  • abrupt diarrhoea
  • fever
  • vomiting
77
Q

diagnosis of salmonella

A

stool culture

78
Q

source of campylobacter jejuni

A
  • cattle
  • poultry
  • meat
79
Q

incubation period of campylobacter jejuni

A

48-96 hours

80
Q

symptoms of campylobacter jejuni

A
  • diarrhoea + blood
  • fever
  • malaise
  • abdominal pain
81
Q

diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni

A

stool culture

82
Q

source of shigella

A
  • contaminated food and water

- humans

83
Q

incubation of shigella

A

24-48 hours

84
Q

symptoms of shigella

A
  • watery diarrhoea + blood
85
Q

diagnosis of shigella

A

stool culture

GI (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions