Module 7 prostate cancer

Question 1

PSA

Answer 1

protein produced by cells in the prostate gland

• developed to monitor progression of prostate cancer not as a screening tool
• number of conditions can elevate PSA number
• level less than 4.0 considered nml, but cancer can exist in this range

Question 2

Benefits of PSA test

Answer 2

1-2 men wont die from prostate cancer

3 will not have metastatic disease

Question 3

harms of PSA test

Answer 3

240 will have high PSA and need biopsies
100 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer (not die)
80 will eventually get surgery or radiation
60 will have incontinence or impotence

Question 4

Digital rectal exam

Answer 4

Sensitivity: 53-59% (tells you who is positive, low false negative)
Specificity: 83-94% (tells you who is negative, low false positives)
Abnormal results
- 82% do not have a malignancy
- 25% malignancy found in different area
- needs to be a significant disease burden to feel