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FNP 1 > Module 19 sexual health > Flashcards

Module 19 sexual health Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful mestration

- usually begins with the onset of menses or 1-2 days before

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2
Q

dysmenorrhea associated s/s

A 
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
headaches
dizzy
back pain
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3
Q

primary dysmenorrhea

A

recurrent, menstrual-related pain in the absence of pelvic pathology
- thought to be due to release of prostaglandins from the endometrium

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4
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea

A

describes painful menstruation in the presence of pelvic pathology

  • endometriosis
  • ovarian cysts
  • infection
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5
Q

best contraception for young women

A

long-active reversible contraception

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6
Q

progesterone only Hormonal contraception

A

implant
IUD
Depo
mini-pill

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7
Q

combined hormonal contraception

A

oral contraceptive pills
skin patch
vaginal ring

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8
Q

implant

A

subdermal space of the upper inner non-dominant arm
controlled release of etonogestrel over a period of 3 years
MOA: ovulation suppression
- prevent conception by thickening the cervical mucus and altering the endometrial lining

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9
Q

Copper IUD

A

ParaGard
approved for 10 years
MOA: produce a sterile foreign body reaction within the uterine cavity -> hostile environment for the sperm

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10
Q

Hormonal IUD

A 
Liletta: 3 years
Mirena: 7 years
Skyla: 3 years
Kyleena: 5 years 
MOA: create a sterile foreign body reaction within the uterine cavity -> hostile environment for sperm
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11
Q

DEPO

A 
progestin-only contraceptive
injection every 3 months
- intramuscular (150mg) or subQ (104mg) 
Repeat injections every 11-13 weeks 
Can go as long as 15 weeks
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12
Q

Transdermal contraceptive patch

A

Xulane
thin, beige adhesive patch w/ progestin norelgestromin and ethyl estradiol
- apply to torso, buttocks, upper arms
- change weekly

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13
Q

Nuvaring

A

soft, clear, flexible ring that releases the progestins etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol

  • insterted into the vagina
  • replaced monthly
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14
Q

combined hormonal contraception MOA

A

progestin component provides the majority of the contraceptive effect by preventing ovulation via negative feedback on the HPO axis
estrogen component is added to stabilize the endometrium and all for better cycle control

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15
Q

progestin only pills, mini-pill

A

MOA: thickening of cervical mucus, blocking sperm from entering uterus

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16
Q

Emergency contraception

A

used after unprotected sex or if there is a method failure

MOA: delay or inhibit ovulation

17
Q

Copper IUD as emergency contraception

A

prevent sperm from fertilizing an egg and may prevent implantation if inserted within 5 days of unprotected sex

18
Q

Male condom

A

no age restrictions on buying
carry a condom with you if sex is possible
check expiration date
ensure package is not damaged
use a water-based lubricant
unroll on an erect penis
withdraw when the penis is still erect, holding onto the base

19
Q

vasectomy

A

interrupts the vas deferens

-> prevents passage of sperm into the seminal fluid

20
Q

vasectomy advantages vs disadvantage

A 
Advantage
- highly effective
- performed in clinic
- cost effective 
- no effect on sexual function 
Disadvantage
- takes 2-4 months to be effective 
- f/u visit to ensure effectiveness 
- procedure complications
-> infection, hematoma, granuloma, swelling, persistent pain 
- non-reversible 
- no STI protection
21
Q

Female sterilization

A

surgery to remove or interrupt the patency of fallopian tubes

22
Q

Female sterilization advantages and disadvantages

A 
Advantage
- dec. risk of ovarian cancer (40%)
Disadvantage
- Regret
- invasive surgical procedure
- no STI protection
- Complications
-> Minor: infection, wound separation
-> Major: hemorrhage, viscus injury, anesthesia complications
23
Q

Lactational amenorrhea method

A

breastfeeding delays return to fertility

  • prolactin inhibits ovulation
  • baby must be exclusively breast fed
  • infant less than 6 months old
  • woman must be amenorrheic
24
Q

LAM advantage vs disadvantage

A 
Advantage
- free
- breastfeed advantages
Disadvantage
- return of ovulation unpredictable
- breastfeeding issues
- tender breasts may dec. sexual pleasure
- difficulties maintaining EBF
- no protection for STI
25
Q

fertility awareness methods

A 
monitoring cycle and only having intercourse during infertile phases
- woman must have regular cycle
Methods
- calendar 
- standard days
- cervical mucous
- two-day
- basal body temp
- post ovulation
- symptothermal 
- marquette
26
Q

FAM advantage vs disadvantage

A

Advantage
- no change on menstrual cycle
- only acceptable method in certain religions/cultures
- can assist in achieve pregnancy when used in reverse
Disadvantage
- requires discipline
- peak libido tends to be during ovulation
- may be impacted by stress: cycle change
- no STI protection
- high failure rate

27
Q

cervical caps and diaphragms

A

can be placed anytime before intercourse
- usually in conj. with spermicide
should be left 6-8 hours after sex
may be left in up to 48 hours after

28
Q

cervical caps and diaphragms advantage vs disadvantage

A 
Advantage
- woman in control 
- active immediately
- may be used while lactating
Disadvantage
- no STI protection
- may develop odor
- difficult to insert
- UTI's may increase
- require fitting in clinical setting
29
Q

contraceptive sponge

A

prefilled with spermicide

- leave in place 6-24 hours after intercourse

30
Q

Spermicides

A

MOA: attacks sperm flagella and body to reduce motility

- Women at high risk of HIV or HIV + CANNOT use this

31
Q

spermicides advantages vs disadvantages

A 
Advantage
- lubrication
- easy application
- OTC
- low cost
- may be used while lactating
- immediately effective (foam, jelly)
Disadvantages 
- needs 15 min to work (films, suppositories)
- messy
- unpleasant taste
- vaginal, oral, anal, and penile irritation
- high failure rate
32
Q

absolute NO to combined hormonal contraception

A 
breast, cervical, endo CA
hx blood clots
breastfeeding
migraine with aura
uncontrolled HTN
complicated cardiac surgeries
will by laying for long periods

FNP 1 (53 decks)

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