Module 7 adult oral care

Question 1

risk factors for caries

Answer 1

high bacterial counts
family hx
eating sugar-containing foods
inadequate fluoride 
low socioeconomic status 
physical disability: limit hygiene activity 
existing restoration or appliances: trap food 
Dec. salivary flow: meds or disease
Medication

Question 2

root caries etiology

Answer 2

roots more susceptible to caries than crowns of teeth
gingival recession -> roots exposed
bacteria and high sugar diet -> rapid progression

Question 3

root caries tx

Answer 3

lesions can be prevents or arrested with fluoride

advanced lesions require restoration or extraction

Question 4

gingivitis s/s

Answer 4

tenderness
erythema
bleeding gums

Question 5

gingivitis etiology

Answer 5

plaque buildup
changes in hormone level
oral foreign bodies
gum inflammation

Question 6

gingivitis tx

Answer 6

good home hygiene

regular dentist visit

Question 7

periodontitis etiology

Answer 7

chronic plaque exposure -> inflammation ->

• destruction of periodontal ligament
• loss of supporting bone
• tooth loosening and loss

Question 8

periodontitis tx

Answer 8

good oral hygiene and reg. dental visits
avoid: tobacco and other irritants
deep root scaling
oral antibiotics and solutions: chlorhexadine

Question 9

tooth loss

Answer 9

Prevalence: 
- >65 average 18 teeth remaining
Negative impacts
- difficulty eating
- inadequate intake
- dissatisfaction with facial appearance

Question 10

gingival hyperplasia s/s

Answer 10

unsightly gum enlargement
teeth become hard to clean
inc. risk for periodontitis

Question 11

gingival hyperplasia etiology

Answer 11

poor hygiene
drug induced
underlying systemic disease

Question 12

gingival hyperplasia tx

Answer 12

meticulous hygiene
regular cleanings
may require gum resection surgery

Question 13

dental erosions s/s

Answer 13

teeth become smooth and glassy

pulp exposure causes hot and cold sensitivity

Question 14

dental erosions etiology

Answer 14

bulimia
GERD
methamphetamine use
acidic drinks

Question 15

dental erosions tx

Answer 15

rinse with water after reflux or vomiting

Question 16

xerostomia s/s

Answer 16

dry mouth
burning sensation
changes in taste
difficulty swallowing and speaking 
increased caries

Question 17

Xerostomia etiology

Answer 17

meds
systemic disease and treatment consequences
- Sjogrens, Radiation therapy

Question 18

Xerostomia tx

Answer 18

eliminate medications that dec. salivary flow
encourage water intake
avoid caffeine and sugary drinks
recommend use of high concentration topical fluoride
ensure regular dental care
over the counter salivary substitutes

Question 19

effects of tobacco

Answer 19

tooth stains
altered taste and smell
periodontitis
xerostomia
caries
cancers
congenital anomalies in offspring such as cleft lip and palate

Question 20

effects of alcohol

Answer 20

periodontitis
xerostomia
caries
cancers 
fetal alcohol syndrome
congenital anomalies in offspring such as cleft lip and palate

Question 21

meth mouth s/s

Answer 21

rampant caries
gingival recession
dental erosion in young patients

Question 22

meth mouth etiology

Answer 22

drug-induced xerostomia
inc. carbohydrate and sugary beverage consumption
poor hygiene and teeth grinding
direct acid effect of the drug

Question 23

meth mouth tx

Answer 23

dental/oral surgery
referral
behavioral health intervention