Module 13 lactation

Question 1

optimal breastfeeding duration by WHO/AAP

Answer 1

exclusive breastfeeding for 6months and continued breastfeeding for a year or longer

Question 2

feeding requirements for preterm infant

Answer 2

have fewer reserves and are vulnerable to complications

• hypoglycemia
• low weight gain

Question 3

large or small for gestational age feeding requirements

Answer 3

require careful observation of feeding
Signs of good feeding
- mothers breasts soften
- infant is satisfied after suckling

Question 4

newborn feeds

Answer 4

ensure 8-12 good feedings in 24 hours

Question 5

Jaundice

Answer 5

breastfed babies
- appear jaundiced in 3rd or 4th week of life
Bili levels dec. as endocrine and digestive systems mature
May be a result of
- inadequate fluid intake
- complicated conditions
- infrequent BM -> bili reabsorbtion

Question 6

Poor latch

Answer 6

positioning strategies

shallow latch -> pain and poor let down

Question 7

Breast engorgement

Answer 7

3-4 day PP 1st time moms, earlier in women with previous births

• feed infant 8-12 times a day
• icepacks between feedings
• hot packs right before feeding

Question 8

delayed let down

Answer 8

stress
pain
alcohol 
Can be enhanced by:
- thoughts of infant
- breast massage
- relaxation

Question 9

low milk production

Answer 9

assessed for
- physiologic
- psychological
- social support variables
Usually results from
- inadequate sucking and breast emptying
- low prolactin levels
- inadequate mammary glandular tissue
- delayed or inadequate lactogenesis
- undetermined

Question 10

Low infant wt gain

Answer 10

loss of 8% or more from birth wt require close monitoring. 
- feeding well
- 4 or more stools a day
- 6 wet diapers per day
Strategies to help
- pumping to inc. supply
- increased feeding freq. 
- arouse sleeping infants

Question 11

Cracked nipples

Answer 11

usually caused by attachment or latch-on problems

Question 12

mastitis

Answer 12

cellulitis of the interlobular connective tissue of the breast
- marker of breastfeeding problems 
s/s
- fever
- generalized malaise
- influenza-like s/s
- local erythema
- breast warmth and tenderness

Question 13

mastitis tx

Answer 13

application of warm packs
frequent feeding or pumping
antibiotics

Question 14

weaning

Answer 14

physically and emotionally less painful when done gradually

- if before 1 year of age baby should use formula