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Anatomy & Physiology > Module 10 Pt 2: Heart/Cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Module 10 Pt 2: Heart/Cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Name the route the blood takes from the right side of the heart to the lungs, back to the left side of the heart

A

Pulmonary Circuit

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2
Q

_______ circuit picks up oxygen from the lungs & drops off carbon dioxide from the blood

A

Pulmonary

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3
Q

Name the route the blood takes from the left side of the heart to the tissues of the body back to the right side of the heart

A

Systemic Circuit

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4
Q

_____ circuit delivers oxygen to tissues & picks up carbon dioxide

A

Systemic

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5
Q

Heart has a double-layered covering called

A

pericardium

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6
Q

Parietal pericardium

A

Outer layer

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7
Q

Visceral pericardium

A

Inner layer

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8
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

space between parietal and visceral layers

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9
Q

Name the 3 layers of the heart’s wall

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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10
Q

Epicardium consists of

A

epithelium & areolar tissue

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11
Q

Myocardium consists of

A

cardiac muscle; thickest layer & performance layer

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12
Q

Endocardium

A

epithelium & areolar tissue; lines heart chambers

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13
Q

The heart is composed of four chambers & four valves. The two upper chambers are called

A

Atria

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14
Q

The right ____ receives _______ blood from the body & delivers it to the right ______below.

A

atrium; deoxygenated; ventricle

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15
Q

The left _____receives ______ blood from the lungs & delivers it to the left ______ below.

A

atrium; oxygenated; ventricle

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16
Q

Attached extensions in the atrium that increase capacity of the atria

A

auricle

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17
Q

Right & Left atria are separated from each other by a wall of tissue called

A

interatrial septum

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18
Q

Two lower chambers of heart chamber are called

A

Ventricles

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19
Q

The right ______ receives _______ blood from the right ______ and delivers it toward the lungs.

A

Ventricle; Deoxygenated; Atrium

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20
Q

The left _____ receives _______ blood from the left ______ and delivers it to the body.

A

Ventricle; Oxygenated; Atrium

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21
Q

The right & left ventricles are separated by a wall of tissue called

A

interventricular septum

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22
Q

_____ ensures blood can’t flow backward

23
Q

Name the two Atrioventricular Valves located between the atria and ventricles. Specify location.

A

Tricuspid Valve in the Right side of heart

Bicuspid Valve in the Left side of heart

24
Q

Name the two valves located between the ventricles & their respective exiting blood vessels

A

Semilunar Valve

25
Q

Name the Semilunar valve located between the right ventricle & the pulmonary trunk

A

Pulmonary Valve

26
Q

Name the Semilunar valve located between the left ventricle & the aorta

A

Aortic valve

27
Q

Large vein that brings deoxygenated blood that has delivered oxygen & picked up carbon dioxide from the head, neck, arm, chest regions back to the right atrium

A

Superior Vena Cava

28
Q

Large vein that brings deoxygenated blood that had delivered oxygen & picked up carbon dioxide from the lower regions of the body back to the right atrium

A

Inferior Vena Cava

29
Q

Large artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle toward the lungs

A

Pulmonary Trunk

30
Q

The pulmonary trunk splits into

A

left & right pulmonary artery

31
Q

After carbon dioxide is dropped off & new oxygen is picked up at the lungs, it returns to the _____ _____ via the left or right _______ _____.

A

left atrium; pulmonary veins

32
Q

Name the large artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle out to be delivered to the tissues

33
Q

Cells of the cardiac muscle are called

A

Cardiocytes

34
Q

Cardiocytes structure & fxn

A

striated and involuntary;
use myosin & actin to contract
rely in aerobic respiration for ATP production

35
Q

Cardiocytes are connected to each other by

A

Intercalated discs

36
Q

intercalated disc fxn

A

allow myocardium of atria & ventricles to contract at the same time

37
Q

Cardiac conduction system Fxn

A
  • provides electrical stimulation for contraction
  • composed of specialized cardiocytes that generate electrical signals
  • Autorhythmic
38
Q

Cardiac conduction system structures (S.A.A.B.P)

A 
SA Node
AV Node
AV Bundle
Bundle branches
Purkinje Fibers
39
Q

Sino Atrial Node: Structure, Fxn, Location

A

specialized cardiocytes; aka pacemaker
initiates action potential resulting in heart beats
in upper right corner of right atria

40
Q

What is known as the pacemaker of the heart?

41
Q

Due to _____ _____ the SA Node signal travels rapidly through the entire myocardium of the atria

A

Intercalated discs

42
Q

Atrial Ventricular Node: Location & Fxn

A
  • in left lower portion of right atrium

- contains autorhythmic cells but responds to signals and pace of the SA Node

43
Q

When the ___ ____ is stimulated it signals the ____ ____, which sends a second signal toward the ventricles

A

SA Node; AV Node

44
Q

AV Bundle: Structure & Location

A
  • nerve-like collection of cardiocytes,

- located off the AV Node & descends within the interventricular septum

45
Q

Name the structure of 2 cardiocyte collections that branch off the AV Bundle to right and left; which carry the signal through to the rest of the interventricular septum and then to the apex of the heart

A

Bundle Branches

46
Q

Name the small, nerve-like branches of the Bundle Branches that extend up through the walls of the ventricles

A

Purkinje Fibers

47
Q

Purkinje Fibers Fxn

A

distribute delayed AV Node signal to the ventricular myocardium

48
Q

Systole

A

contraction phase of a heart chamber

49
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heart chamber

50
Q

Name the 3 EKG fluctuations in electrical activity

A

P wave
QRS Complex
T Wave

51
Q

P wave

A

produced when SA Node sends signal to atria, causing depolarization resulting in atrial contraction (systole)

52
Q

P Wave is produced during

A

Atrial contraction (systole)

53
Q

Signal from AV Node spread through ventricles causing depolarization resulting in contraction (systole) at the same time the atria is repolarizing & relaxing (diastole) is referred to as

A

QRS Complex

54
Q

T Wave

A

generated by repolarization & relaxation of ventricles (diastole)

Anatomy & Physiology (18 decks)

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