MMM exam 3

Question 1

Dax Cowart

Answer 1

1973

car blew up and didn’t want treatment but was treated anyway and he survived

Question 2

Karen Ann Quinlin

Answer 2

1975
passed out at a party and went into a coma and had a respiration, parents wanted to take her off so they went to court. Court said they could remove her but hospital kept it going for a little while longer and she died in a nursing home years later

Question 3

Nancy Cruzan

Answer 3

1982
car accident and entered PVS, put on feeding tube and family wanted to remove. Went to court and they were allowed to take her off after friends testified

Question 4

Terri Shiavo

Answer 4

1990
found by her husband passed out over a heart attack and husband wanted to remove feeding tube, parents wanted to keep it in. Went to court several times and court was on husband’s side and feeding tube was removed

Question 5

Bill Colby

Answer 5

lawyer for TMC and worked on Nancy Cruzan case

Question 6

Derek Humphrey

Answer 6

created Himlock Society

Question 7

Jack Kavorkian

Answer 7

retired pathologist, first PAS for Janet Atkins, first Euthanasia was Thomas Youk

Question 8

Harry Benjamin

Answer 8

researcher and physician, created awareness for transsexual people and made them think that transition was the only cure

Question 9

Cotton Mather

Answer 9

Boston Clergy man and allows Boylston to inoculate his son, son gets smallpox and recovers. Milkmaid story: find that cowpox is a cure for smallpox

Question 10

Claude Bernard

Answer 10

introduction to the study of experimental medicine (1865), argued that medicine should be places on a scientific basis
-time you can perform experiments is when it will benefit, save life, or cure people

Question 11

Una Nowling

Answer 11

UMKC professor and is an intersex transgender woman who has had a gender transition

Question 12

Aristotle

Answer 12

emphasizes virtue and character traits

big idea was the golden mean

Question 13

Kant

Answer 13

emphasizes moral duties, only good without qualification=good will, good will is informed by reason/categorical imperative

Question 14

Mill

Answer 14

emphasizes consequences of actions, maximize pleasure and minimize pain, greatest good for greatest number of people

Question 15

Josef Mengele

Answer 15

participated in 400,000 deaths, injected blue dye into eyes, forced sex, endurance studies with electricity, radiation experiment

Question 16

autonomy

Answer 16

right to make own decision

Question 17

beneficence

Answer 17

to do good or to benefit

Question 18

nonmaleficence

Answer 18

to do no harm

Question 19

physiological futility

Answer 19

a judgement of medical futility based on the observation of no physiological effect of the treatment

Question 20

Physician assisted suicide

Answer 20

doctor provides you with what you need, but you do it to yourself
\

Question 21

Euthanasia

Answer 21

gentle or easy death via doctor injection

Question 22

persistent vegetative state

Answer 22

no signs of awareness

Question 23

IRB

Answer 23

institutional review board

Question 24

living will

Answer 24

spells out end of life decisions

Question 25

paternalism

Answer 25

limiting someone’s autonomy to promote their own good

Question 26

virtue ethics

Answer 26

emphasis on character traits

Question 27

determinism

Answer 27

things are done because of reason or sciences

Question 28

libertarianism

Answer 28

(freewill) chose to do things, but could have chosen otherwise

Question 29

“third gender”

Answer 29

transgender people in a gender-variant culture

Question 30

compatibilism

Answer 30

free will and determinism are compatible ideas

Question 31

power of attorney

Answer 31

someone who is assigned to make decisions for you when you’re unable to

Question 32

transsexuality

Answer 32

having a gender identity that differs from your sex

Question 33

gender non-binary

Answer 33

doesn’t identify as either male or female

Question 34

futility in medicine

Answer 34

definition: physician wouldn’t be able to provide the correct care
example: antibiotics or a viral infection

Question 35

suicide and legality

Answer 35

risk: college students and teenagers
david hume: no one gives up a life worth living
if attempt: mental hospital for 3 days
legal in 6 states and 1 city

Question 36

hippocratic oath

Answer 36

regard to teachers are parents
teach offspring for free
to benefit patients
give no deadly medicines
no medicines for abortions
won't cut for \$\$
will not speak about what ought not be spoken

Question 37

Hemlock society

Answer 37

Derek Humphrey, how-to suicide guide

1978: Jean’s way (helping his wife die)
1981: Let me die before I wake (how to guide for suicide)
1991: Final exit (how to on self-deliverance)

Question 38

German Directive

Answer 38

1990
can’t use medical intervention if 1) minor or not fully competent
2) no consent
3) did not get a proper explanation

Question 39

German research guidelines

Answer 39

1931
established guidelines for research involving humans
innovative therapies must be justified
subjects must give consent
animal studies must be used when possible
can’t use children if it endangers them

Question 40

transgender employment problems

Answer 40

sexual harassment and assault
harder to keep job
double the unemployment
turned into sex work
unfairly denied jobs

Question 41

Lili Elbe

Answer 41

188-1931, first documented transgender to be treated

Question 42

1960s transgender backlash

Answer 42

questioned if transitions were legal and performed many experiments to treat

Question 43

Milgram study

Answer 43

subjects forced to shock others when the other person answered a question incorrectly

Question 44

difference between transgender and 3rd gender

Answer 44

trans= being different than what you’re born as

3rd=transgender living in a certain society