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Anatomy > Lumbar and Sacral Plexus > Flashcards

Lumbar and Sacral Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

lower extremity receives innervation from

A

the ventral rami of spinal n.

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2
Q

the ventral rami of spinal n. are organized into

A

the lumbar and sacral plexuses (“lumbosacral plexus”)

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3
Q

where do the lumbar and sacral plexuses emerge from?

A

the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord

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4
Q

what is the lumbar plexus comprised of?

A

the ventral rami of L1-L4

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5
Q

what is the sacral plexus comprised of?

A

ventral rami of L4-S4

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6
Q

what are the lumbar and sacral plexuses connected by?

A

the distal portion of the lumbar plexus

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7
Q

what is the distal portion of the lumbar plexus?

A

the lumbosacral trunk

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8
Q

what is the lumbosacral trunk?

A

L4 and L5

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9
Q

Cauda equina

A

L2-S5, most of the lumbar and sacral plexuses make up this

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10
Q

the peripheral nerves that originate from the lumbar and sacral plexuses course along

A

the inner abdominal and pelvic walls, and down to the lower extremity

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11
Q

the peripheral nerves carry

A

general sensory information from the body wall and lower limb, as well as somatomotor to muscles in these regions

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12
Q

gluteal region nerves

A

superior and inferior gluteal nerves and nerves to small rotators of the hip joint

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13
Q

thigh nerves

A

lateral femoral cutaneous, femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves

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14
Q

leg nerves

A

sciatic nerve- common fibular and tibial nerves

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15
Q

ankle and foot nerves

A

sciatic nerve- common fibular and tibial nerves

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16
Q

cutaneous innervation to the thigh includes which nerves?

A

lateral femoral cutaneous n., posterior femoral cutaneous n., genitofemoral n. (groin), ilioinguinal n. (groin)

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17
Q

innervation of the thigh’s deep structures includes which nerves?

A

anterior compartment: femoral n.
medial compartment: obturator n.
posterior compartment: sciatic n.

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18
Q

cutaneous innervation of the leg includes which nerves?

A

saphenous n. (terminal femoral branch), lateral sural cutaneous n., sural n.

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19
Q

innervation of the leg’s deep structures includes which nerves?

A

sciatic n.: anterior and lateral compartments: common fibular n. (deep and superficial branch)
posterior compartment: tibial n.

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20
Q

innervation of the foot includes which nerves?

A

medial and lateral plantar nn., from tibial n.

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21
Q

what is a dermatome?

A

an area of cutaneous innervation on the skin that can be traced back to a single spinal nerve

22
Q

what are the dermatomes of the lower extremity?

A

spinal nerve roots L1-S5, includes the groin and gluteal region

23
Q

cutaneous nerves of the peripheral nerves of the lumbar and sacral plexuses, and/or branches of these peripheral nerves distribute…

A

over the limb in a different pattern, since nerves typically carry axons from more than one spinal nerve

24
Q

what are myotomes?

A

the segmental innervation of muscle groups, they tend to correspond to movements

25
Q

myotomes ______, such that…

A

overlap, such that a given movement will involve more than one myotome, also because motor fibers from more than one spinal nerve segment

26
Q

what are the 2 deep tendon reflexes and what spinal cord segments/tendons do they correspond with?

A

quadriceps (knee jerk): L3/L4, patellar tendon, tests function of the femoral nerve and spinal cord segments L3-L4, absence is called Westphal’s sign
calcaneal (ankle jerk): S1/S2, achilles tendon

27
Q

what are the major nerves of the lumbar and sacral plexuses?

A 
femoral
obturator
sciatic (fibular division= common fibular, tibial division= tibial)
lateral femoral cutaneous
posterior femoral cutaneous
28
Q

femoral n. roots

A

L2-L4

29
Q

obturator n. roots

A

L2-L4

30
Q

Sciatic n. roots

A

L4-S3, F: L4-S2, T: L4-S3

31
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous n. roots

A

L2-L3

32
Q

posterior femoral cutaneous n. roots

A

S1-S3

33
Q

Iliohypogastric n.

A

provides sensory innervation to the lateral gluteal region and motor innervation to abdominal musculature (L1)

34
Q

Iliolinguinal n.

A

provides sensory innervation to the superior medial thigh and regions of the perineum, as well as motor innervation to abdominal musculature (L1)

35
Q

Genitofemoral n.

A

provides sensation to the superior thigh region (femoral portion) and the perineum (genital portion) (L1 and L2)

36
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous n.

A

provides innervation to the skin of the lateral thigh region (L2 and L3)

37
Q

Femoral n.

A

the nerve of the anterior compartment of the thigh (L2, L3, L4)

38
Q

Obturator n.

A

the nerve of the medial compartment of the thigh (L1-L4), provides cutaneous innervation of the medial region of the thigh

39
Q

Lumbosacral trunk

A

unites the lumbar plexus with the sacral plexus

40
Q

femoral nerve (which innervates the _____ compartment of the ____) innervates muscles that do

A

anterior, thigh, flexion of hip, extension of knee

41
Q

obturator nerve (which innervates the ____ compartment of the ____) innervates muscles that do

A

medial, thigh, adduction of thigh, some extension of hip

42
Q

femoral nerve branches into nerves that innervate

A

iliacus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, pectineus

43
Q

obturator nerve branches into nerves that innervate

A

pectineus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis, adductor magnus, obturator externis

44
Q

the sacral plexus is made of which nerves?

A

superior and inferior gluteal nerves, nerve to piriformis, sciatic nerve (common fibular and tibial divisions), posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, pudendal nerve

45
Q

superior and inferior gluteal nerves

A

provide motor to the three gluteal muscles

46
Q

nerve to piriformis

A

provide motor innervation to the small rotators of the hip

47
Q

sciatic nerve provides innervation to

A

to the posterior thigh and leg

48
Q

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

A

innervates the skin of the posterior thigh

49
Q

pudendal nerve

A

sensation to the perineum

50
Q

sciatic nerve is composed of nerves _____ and innervates

A

L4 and L4, lumbosacral trunk, hamstring muscles in the thigh, which function to flex the knee; and branches into the tibial nerve (for plantar flexion of the foot and toes, inversion of foot, posterior leg) and the common fibular nerve (for dorsiflexion of foot and toe extension, foot eversion, anterior and lateral leg)

Anatomy (26 decks)

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