Facial and Neck Muscles

Question 1

buccinator

Answer 1

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: presses cheeks against teeth and draws corner of mouth laterally, whistling/blowing/sucking
deep

Question 2

mentalis

Answer 2

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: elevates and protrudes lower lip and pulls skin of chin up as in pouting
deep

Question 3

orbicularis oris

Answer 3

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing, compresses lips against teeth and shapes lips during speech
superficial

Question 4

depressor anguli oris

Answer 4

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: draws angle of mouth laterally and inferiorly as in opening the mouth or frowning
superficial

Question 5

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 5

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: draws angle of the mouth as in smiling superiorly and laterally
superficial

Question 6

Zygomaticus Minor

Answer 6

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: raises/elevates upper lip, exposing teeth
superficial

Question 7

orbicularis oculi

Answer 7

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: closes eye
superficial

Question 8

procerus

Answer 8

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: draws down eyebrows
superficial

Question 9

nasalis

Answer 9

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: depresses cartilaginous part of the nose, flares nostrils
superficial

Question 10

temperoparietalis

Answer 10

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: moves auricle of the ear
superficial

Question 11

occipitofrontalis

Answer 11

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: draws scalp anteriorly (frontalis) or posteriorly (occipitalis)
superficial

Question 12

platysma

Answer 12

innervation: facial nerve
origin: skull
insertion: skin
function: draws outer part of the lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting, depresses mandible
superficial

Question 13

superior rectus

Answer 13

innervation: oculomotor
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeballs superiorly and medially, rotates them medially (intorsion)

Question 14

Inferior rectus

Answer 14

innervation: oculomotor
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeballs inferiorly and medially, rotates them laterally (extorsion)

Question 15

Lateral rectus

Answer 15

innervation: abducens
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeballs laterally

Question 16

Medial rectus

Answer 16

innervation: oculomotor
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeball medially

Question 17

superior oblique

Answer 17

innervation: trochlea
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeballs inferiorly and laterally, rotates them medially (intorsion)

Question 18

inferior oblique

Answer 18

innervation: oculomotor
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: moves eyeballs superiorly and laterally, rotates them laterally (extorsion)

Question 19

levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 19

innervation: oculomotor
origin: N/A
insertion: eyeball
function: elevates upper eyelids=opens eyes

Question 20

masseter

Answer 20

innervation: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: elevates mandible as in closing mouth

Question 21

temporalis

Answer 21

innervation: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: elevates and retracts the mandible

Question 22

medial pterygoid

Answer 22

innervation: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: elevates and protracts mandible and moves it from side to side

Question 23

lateral pterygoid

Answer 23

innervation: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: depresses and protracts mandible and moves it from side to sde

Question 24

genioglossus

Answer 24

innervation: hypoglossal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly (protraction)

Question 25

styloglossus

Answer 25

innervation: hypoglossal nerve
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: elevates tongue and draws it posteriorly (retraction)

Question 26

digastric

Answer 26

innervation: mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (anterior belly) facial nerve (posterior belly)
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: elevates hyoid bone, RMA: depresses mandible as in opening mouth

Question 27

omohyoid

Answer 27

innervation: branches of spinal nerves C1-C3
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: depresses hyoid bone

Question 28

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 28

innervation: accessory nerve (branches from spinal nerves C2 and C3)
origin: N/A
insertion: N/A
function: draws head toward shoulder of the same side, rotates head to opposite side, flexes cervical part of vertebral column, assists in elevating thorax