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Bacteriology & Mycology > Miscellaneous Infections II (37) > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Infections II (37) Flashcards

Dr. Erol

1
Q

Describe mycoplasma spp.

A
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2
Q

What is the usual habitat for mycoplasma spp.? Ureaplasma spp.?

A

are found on mucosal surfaces of conjunctiva, nasal cavity, oropharynx, intestinal, and genital tracts

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3
Q

Where are hemotropic mycoplasma found?

A

surface of erythrocytes

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4
Q

How do you differentiate mycoplasmas?

A

require enriched media to grow
differentiated by- host specificity, colonial morphology, requirement for cholesterol, biochemical profile, serological methods, PCR

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5
Q

Mycoplasma is urease-[positive/negative], and ureaplasma is urease-[positive/negative]

A

mycoplasma: urease-negative

ureaplasma: urease-positive (think cause it has urease in the name)

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6
Q

What are suitable specimens for mycoplasma?

A

mucosal scrapings, tracheal exudates, aspirates, pneumonic tissue, mastitis milk, joint and body fluids

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7
Q

How do you identify mycoplasma spp.?

A

fried egg microcolonies

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8
Q

What is this?

A

unstained mycoplasmal microcolonies

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9
Q

What is the pathogenesis of mycoplasma?

A

do not appear to produce toxins or invasions

production of H2O2
adhesion proteins
similarity between some mycoplasmal and host proteins - could be responsible for immune-mediated injury

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10
Q

How does mycoplasma affect cells?

A

impair phagocytic functions

antigenic variation to escape from immune system

immune-mediated injury

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11
Q

Clinical infections of mycoplasma are often implicated in disease of ______

A

mucosal surfaces

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12
Q

What are factors of mycoplasma infection?

A

extremes of age, stress, intercurrent infections, exacerbation of other diseases

respiratory diseases in farm animals and poultry

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13
Q

What is the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?

A

m. mycoses subsp. mycoides

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14
Q

What is the causative agent of mastitis, pneumonia, and arthritis in cattle?

A

m. bovis

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15
Q

Look at mycoplasma species regarding sheep and goats

A
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16
Q

What are the mycoplasma species in pigs?

A
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17
Q

What are the mycoplasma species in chickens and turkey?

A
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18
Q

What are the mycoplasma species of cats?

A
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19
Q

What is mycoplasma bovis?

A

an emerging cause of respiratory disease and arthritis in feedlot cattle and in young dairy calves

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20
Q

M. bovis has been associated with _____ in young calves and a syndrome involving chronic ____ and _____ in feedlot cattle

A

otitis media

chronic pneumonia and polyarthritis

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21
Q

Mycoplasma bovis results in a [chronic/self-limiting] disease that ______

A

chronic

does not respond to antimicrobial therapy

22
Q

What do lesions of mycoplasma bovis include?

A

chronic bronchopneumonia with caseous and coagulative necrosis

23
Q

Microabscesses were found in a calf’s lung upon necropsy. The calf was experiencing otitis media and polyarthritis. What is the causative agent?

A

mycoplasma bovis

24
Q

A “scattered rice” appearance was discovered on lungs of a cow. She was experiencing chronic pneumonia. What is the causative agent?

A

mycoplasma bovis

25
Q

How do you diagnose mycoplasma bovis?

A
26
Q

What is treatment and control of mycoplasma bovis?

A

difficult to treat - early recognition and prolonged therapy needed

reduce stressors

27
Q

What does NOT work in treatment of mycoplasma bovis?

A

beta lactams

28
Q

What is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia in pigs? It is a(n) _______ important disease

A

m. hyopneumoniae

economically important disease

29
Q

What are clinical signs of enzootic pneumonia in pigs?

A

coughing, poor growth rates, and sometimes respiratory distress

30
Q

A pig in an overcrowded pen was coughing and under respiratory distress. What is the causative agent and disease?

A

m. hypopneumoniae

enzootic pneumonia of pigs

31
Q

What is pathognomonic of enzootic pneumonia of pigs?

A

pulmonary consolidation in middle and cranial lobes with clear demarcation

32
Q

How do you diagnose enzootic pneumonia of pigs?

A

gold standard: isolation and identification

33
Q

What is mycoplasma suis?

A

one of the most common hemotropic mycoplasma infections in pigs

34
Q

How is mycoplasma suis transmitted?

A

arthropods - like live and blood-contaminated equipment

35
Q

What are clinical signs of mycoplasma suis?

A

fever, hemolytic anemia, weakness, jaundice

36
Q

[M. hyopneumoniae / M. suis] is a common hemotropic mycoplasma infections in pigs

A

M. suis

37
Q

What are other mycoplasmal diseases of pigs?

A

m. hyorhinis

38
Q

What does m. hyorhinis cause?

A

chronic progressive polyserositis in young pigs

39
Q

What is pathognomonic of m. hyorhinis?

A

serofibrinous pleuritis, pericarditis, peritonitis

40
Q

What does m. hyosynoviae cause? What age?

A

arthritis and synovitis
in 10-30 weeks of age in pigs

41
Q

What is mycoplasma gallisepticum?

A

causes respiratory disease in chickens

infectious sinusitis in turkeys

42
Q

Differentiate mycoplasma gallisepticum diseases in chickens vs turkeys

A

chickens: respiratory disease

turkey: infectious sinusitis

43
Q

How is mycoplasma gallisepticum transmitted?

A

aerosol and egg transmission

44
Q

What is treatment and control of mycoplasma gallisepticum?

A

antimicrobial treatment in feed and water

for control establishment of a pathogen-free flock

modified live & bacterin vaccines available

45
Q

What does mycoplasma synoviae cause? Transmission?

A

infectious synovitis in chickens and turkeys

aerosol and egg transmission

46
Q

What is the causative agent of feline infectious anemia?

A

caused by m. haemofelis

47
Q

Where is m. haemofelis found on?

A

on the surface of erythrocytes

48
Q

A cat is experiencing anemia, with fever, depression, and weakness. Microscopy shows something on the surface of erythrocytes. What is the disease and causative agent? How was it contracted?

A

feline infectious anemia

m. haemofelis

flies, lice suspected, fighting between cats

49
Q

What are the forms of feline infectious anemia?

A

acute form
chronic form

50
Q

What is the acute form of feline infectious anemia? Chronic?

A

acute: overwhelming bacteremia, fever, depression, weakness, and occasionally jaundice and rapid death

chronic: anemia, lethargy, and marked weight loss

51
Q

How do you diagnose feline infectious anemia?

A
52
Q

How do you treat and control feline infectious anemia?

A

Bacteriology & Mycology (39 decks)

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