Clinical Exam Questions Exam 3 Flashcards
A horse suddenly has an onset of symptoms like anorexia, depression, and serous nasal discharge that is becoming copious and purulent. Another horse 1-3 weeks ago was also ill with this. What is the disease and causative agent? Be specific
strangles - acute form
s. equi
This endoscope is focused in the guttural pouch of a horse with strangles. What are we seeing?
chondroids
A horse recently recovered from a respiratory infection (s. equi) and is now experiencing these symptoms. What could possibly be the cause of this?
purpura hemorrhagica
A foal was sick and upon necropsy, there were cranioventral abscesses, along with multifocal pyogranulomatous pneumonia. What is the causative agent and disease?
pneumonia of foals
rhodococcus equi
Necropsy revealed mesenteric abscesses and joint infections. Salomon-pink colonies appear on blood agar. What is the causative agent and disease?
pneumonia of foals
rhodococcus equi
A dog is having shifting leg lameness and has a fever of 104 F. He recently traveled to the northeast coast and is not on tick prevention. What is a possible disease and causative agent?
Lyme arthritis
caused by borrelia burgdorferi
A Bernese/golden mix is experiencing uremia, hyperphosphatemia, and vomiting. There is also lodging of immune complexes in kidneys. What could possibly be going on here?
Lyme nephritis
A pig presents with soft swellings, large quantities of exudate, and blue color typical of gangrene. She recently cut her neck on an exposed nail. What is the disease and causative agent?
malignant edema
c. septicum
A cow necropsy revealed this characteristic black color and dry appearance of necrotic muscle. There are also tiny gas bubbles just visible in the tissue. The cow seemed normal until it acutely fell ill. What is the causative agent and disease?
c. chauvoei
blackleg
A tissue smear revealed clostridium chauvoei in a sheep. How did the sheep likely contract blackleg?
most likely the result of a wound infection - shearing cuts, docking, castration
Direct fluorescent antibody technique shoes this bacteria in muscle tissue. The cow had clinical signs of edematous and crepitant swellings in the hip. What is the causative agent?
c. chauvoei
A cow is in extreme pain and is shifting weight to not bear weight on the pes. Its claws are separated with inflammatory edema uniformly distributed. What is the causative agent and disease?
bovine footrot
fusobacterium necrophorum
A sheep was diagnosed with infectious footrot and is unable to stand as a result. Identify the source of infection and causative agent
source: discharge from active or chronically infected sheep
dichelobacter nodosus
A young Merino sheep is struggling to bear weight on its left pes. Gram-stained smear reveals this image. Note the classic swollen ends of the organism. What is the virulence factor for this disease?
fimbrae type IV
(dichelobacter nodosus in Infectious footrot in sheep)
A bovine blood smear revealed basophilic-appearing intracellular organisms located near the margin of erythrocytes. What is the causative agent and disease?
Bovien Anaplasmosis
a. marginale
A German shepherd is experiencing severe ehrlichiosis like fever and thrombocytopenia. What is the causative agent and disease?
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis
ehrlichia canis
A dog is experiencing widespread petechia, fever, and splenomegaly. What is the causative agent and disease?
ehrlichia canis
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis
A dog in its early stage had focal retinal hemorrhage and developed petechial hemorrhages when the disease progressed. It also had lymphadenopathy and was in contact with rodents. What is the disease and causative agent?
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
rickettsia rickettsii - dermacentor variabilis and d. andersoni
A goat has abscesses of peripheral and internal lymph nodes and organs. Gram-stain showed these. What is the causative agent and disease?
caseous lymphadenitis
corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
The prefemoral lymph node of a goat is infected, and caseous lymphadenitis is suspected. What is the specific form and causative agent?
superficial form
corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
What form of caseous lymphadenitis is this?
superficial - affecting submandibular lymph nodes
What form of caseous lymphadenitis is this?
superficial - affecting submandibular lymph nodes
What form of caseous lymphadenitis is this?
visceral form
What is this person doing? What is the causative agent?
draining caseous lymphadenitis abscess
corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
What form of caseous lymphadenitis is this?
visceral form
A pig is on the brink of death and has fever, diamond-shaped skin lesions, and arthritis. Gram stain revealed gram-positive filaments. What is the causative agent and disease?
erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
erysipelas
A turkey has acute septicemia and has dark-colored swollen snoods. What is the causative agent and disease?
erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
erysipelas
Necropsy of a horse liver in North America reveals gray necrotic foci. It experienced fever, depression, ataxia, stiffness, and lymph edema. Its spleen was also enlarged. What is the causative agent and disease?
tularemia
f. tularensis (biovar tularensis type A)
A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a week history of sudden onset of cutaneous lesion on the second finger in her right hand, accompanied by fever, chills, headache and axillary lymphadenopathy. Initial antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin clavulanate was ineffective. The patient history includes recent handling of rabbits. What is the causative agent and disease?
tularemia - F. tularensis biovar tularensis (Type A)
Microabscesses were found in a calf’s lung upon necropsy. The calf was experiencing otitis media and polyarthritis. What is the causative agent?
mycoplasma bovis
A “scattered rice” appearance was discovered on lungs of a cow. She was experiencing chronic pneumonia. What is the causative agent?
mycoplasma bovis
A pig in an overcrowded pen was coughing and under respiratory distress. What is the causative agent and disease?
m. hypopneumoniae
enzootic pneumonia of pigs
A cat is experiencing anemia, with fever, depression, and weakness. Microscopy shows something on the surface of erythrocytes. What is the disease and causative agent? How was it contracted?
feline infectious anemia
m. haemofelis
flies, live suspected, fighting between cats
What are clinical considerations in prescribing antimicrobial drugs?
safety and side effects - toxicity, allergies
routes of administration
What is this showing?
an example of synergism between two antimicrobial agents
