Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology & Mycology > Infections of the Nervous System III (12) > Flashcards

Infections of the Nervous System III (12) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pathogen of cattle and sheep that causes septicemia, thrombotic meningoencephalitis? (TME) and etc

A

histophilus somni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes Glasser’s disease in pigs?

A

haemophilus parasuis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the properties of TME and Glasser’s disease (histophilus / haemophilus)? Facultative [aerobe/anaerobe]

A

gram-negative
non-motile
non-sporeforming
non-encapsulated
pleomorphic coccobaccilus

anaerobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do some species require in chocolate agar?

A

require X and V factors

fastidious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the properties of this bacteria?

A

coccobacillary (short rods) and may form short filaments

form dewdrop cplonies after incubation of 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does haemophilus parasuis and avibacterium paragillinarum require to grow?

A

growth factor V (NAD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which bacterium does not need growth factors X and V?

A

histophilus somni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is satellitism? Which species?

A

forming a ring around a V factor-producing bacterium such as S. aureus

haemophilus species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is H. somni oxidase or catalase positive? What about H. parasuis?

A

somni: oxidase +

parasuis: catalase +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the pathogenesis of haemophilus and histophilus spp.? Who is the most susceptible?

A

opportunistically incites disease (due to predisposing factors) - normally part of commensal bacteria of mucous membranes

young or previously unexposed animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the virulence factors of H. somni?

A

endotoxin

phase variation of lip-oligosaccharide and evasion of the immune host response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does histophilus somni produce?

A

transferrin-binding proteins (Tbps)

immunoglobulin-binding proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Regarding h. somni and immunoglobulin binding proteins, what do they do?

A

bind the Fc portion of IgG2

responsible for resistance of complement-mediated killing in serum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does h. somni virulence factors produce?

A

produces an exopolysaccharide and filamentous hemagglutinin proteins involved in biofilm formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the diagnostic procedures for h. somni and h. parasuis?

A

use chocolate agar or blood agar inoculated with a streak of S. aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the identification criteria for h. somni and h. parasuis?

A

small, dew-drop-like colonies after 1 to 2 days

enhancement of growth by CO2

requirement of X and V growth factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What main disease does h. somni cause? Which species?

A

thrombocitic meningoencephalitis

cattle generally, but sheep too

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What main diseases does h. parasuis cause? Which species?

A

Glasser’s disease

pigs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is h. somni generally found in - normally?

A

part of normal bacterial flora of male and female bovine genital tracts

can also colonize the respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

[Histophilus/Haemophilus] is more resistant in the environment

A

Histophilus

21
Q

How does h. somni spread?

A

direct contact or by aerosols

22
Q

What are clinical signs of infection caused by h. somni in cattle?

A

septicemia

thrombocitic meningoencephalitis TME

some animals may be found dead and others may present with high fever and depression, etc

23
Q

H. somni is commonly isolated from the ______

A

enzootic calf pneumonia complex

24
Q

Who is most at risk for h. somni infection?

A

young cattle

25
Q

How is h. somni in cattle diagnosed?

A

severe neurological signs in young feedlot cattle

multiple foci of hemorrhagic necrosis

histologically

confirmation by isolation and identification from cerebrospinal fluid

26
Q

How do you control/treat h. somni infections?

A

isolation of affected animals

oxytetracycline

27
Q

H. somni is normally where in sheep?

A

prepuce or vagina in sheep

28
Q

What can h. somni cause - genitally?

A

epididymitis in rams

vulvitis, mastitis, and reduced reproductive performance in ewes

29
Q

In lambs, h. somni can also cause _____

A

septicemia
arthritis
meningitis
pneumonia

30
Q

What is Glasser’s Disease caused by? (causative agent)

A

haemophilus parasuis

31
Q

What does haemophilus parasuis manifest as?

A

polyserositis

leptomeningitis

32
Q

How do piglets contract Glasser’s disease?

A

acquire infection by direct contact or aerosols from sows shortly after birth

33
Q

What are clinical signs of Glasser’s disease?

A

anorexia

pyremia

lameness etc

34
Q

How do you diagnose h. parasuis?

A

isolation and identification from joint fluid, heart blood, CSF, post-mortem tissues of a recently dead pig are confirmatory

35
Q

What are post-mortem findings of Glasser’s disease?

A

polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis

36
Q

How do you treat and control Glasser’s disease?

A

tetracycline, penicillin, and potentiated sulfonamides

37
Q

What is the causative agent of cryptococcus?

A

cryptococcus neoformans

38
Q

What is cryptococcus neoformans? It is NOT a _____

A

a capsulated yeast

dimorphic fungus

39
Q

Who is disease of cryptococcosis more common in?

A

cats than dogs

rare in large animals

40
Q

What is the reservoir for cryptococcosis? It is associated with _________

A

soil

pigeon excreta

41
Q

What are the clinical signs of cryptococcosis in cats?

A

hard, nodular skin swellings, more often over the bridge of the nose distortion of the nasal cavity as a result of bone invasion

neurologic abnormalities

42
Q

A cat comes in to the clinic with distortion of the nasal cavity and is lethargic and not eating. What is the cause and causative agent of this?

A

cryptococcosis

cryptococcus neoformans

43
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans remains in the ____ form in _______

A

yeast form

both environment and the host

44
Q

Cats inhale [capsulated/unencapsulated] yeast cells from the environment

A

UNencapsulated yeast cells

45
Q

When does capsulation of cryptococcus neoformans occur in the cat?

A

in vivo

46
Q

What is the primary site of infection of cryptococcosis in the cat?

A

nasal mucosa

lesions range from gelatinous mass to granulomatous

47
Q

How do you diagnose cryptococcosis?

A
48
Q

What is treatment for cryptococcosis?

A

surgical intervention, cryotherapy

antifungals - azoles derivatives

49
Q

Is cryptococcosis zoonotic?

A

yes - but very low

immunocompromised individuals at risk

Bacteriology & Mycology (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions