Minerals to Metals Part 4

Question 1

What are group 1 elements called?

Answer 1

Alkali metals

Question 2

What is the relationship between the group number of elements and their outer shell electrons?

Answer 2

Group Number = Number of Valence Electrons

Question 3

What are group 2 elements called?

Answer 3

Alkaline earth metals

Question 4

What are group 3 elements called?

Answer 4

Metals

Question 5

What are group 5 elements called?

Answer 5

Non-metals

Question 6

What are group 6 elements called?

Answer 6

Chalcogen non-metals

Question 7

What are group 7 elements called?

Answer 7

Halogen non-metals

Question 8

What happens when a sodium atom reacts with a fluorine atom?

Answer 8

Sodium donates its valence electron to the fluorine atom, thus sodium becomes a sodium ion (Na+) and fluorine becomes a fluoride ion (F-)

Question 9

What happens when magnesium reacts with chlorine?

Answer 9

Magnesium donates one valence electron to each chlorine atom and becomes a magnesium ion (Mg2+), and chlorine becomes two chloride ions (Cl-), which attract and bond

Question 10

What happens when a potassium reacts with oxygen?

Answer 10

Two potassium atoms donate one valence electron each to an oxygen atom, potassium becomes a potassium ion (K+) and oxygen becomes an oxide ion (O2-) and they attract and bond

Question 11

What are metals used commercially in?

Answer 11

The manufacture of ships, planes, cars and industrial machines

Question 12

How is copper extracted?

Answer 12

Through heat in the air

Question 13

How is iron extracted?

Answer 13

It is smelt in a furnace

Question 14

How is aluminium extracted?

Answer 14

Through electrolysis

Question 15

What is everything in the world made from?

Answer 15

Elements

Question 16

How are compounds formed?

Answer 16

When elements combine with each other

Question 17

How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?

Answer 17

In order of increasing atomic number from left to right and top to bottom

Question 18

What does the zig-zag line in the periodic table do?

Answer 18

Separates the metals from the non-metals in the table, with the metals on the left and non-metals on the right

Question 19

What are the columns and rows in the periodic table called?

Answer 19

Columns = Groups
Rows= Periods

Question 20

What do elements in the same group have and why is that so?

Answer 20

They have similar chemical properties and behaviours, because they have the same number of outer shell electrons

Question 21

What are transition metals?

Answer 21

Much less reactive metals, found in the middle of the table and not part of the 8 defined groups