Minerals to Metals Part 12 Flashcards
What is the iron product used to produce steel from iron?
Pig iron
What are the properties of pig iron?
It has a high carbon content of about 4%, is brittle, rusts easily and of little use
What is the relationship between carbon content and steel?
The higher the carbon content, the higher the steel
What is the amount of carbon and properties of high carbon steel?
> 0.5% carbon, hard, tough, brittle, used for cutting tools
What is the amount of carbon and properties of mild steel?
<0.25% carbon, tough, ductile, malleable, poor resistance to corrosion, used as a general purpose material
What are the properties and uses of stainless steel?
Hard, tough, resists wear and corrosion, used for cutlery and kitchen tap ware
What is the colour and lustre of lead, tin and solder?
Lead = Grey, Dull Lustre Tin = Silver, Shiny Solder = Silver, slightly shiny
What are the melting points of solder and its two metals?
Solder has a lower melting point than lead and tin
Metal + Oxygen =
Oxide
Metal + Water =
Oxide/Hydroxide (depending on reactivity)
Metal + Acid =
Metal Salt + Hydrogen Gas
What does an exothermic reaction mean?
Heat energy is also released
What is the most commonly used metal on Earth?
Iron
Describe the three basic methods of extraction and which metals they are used for?
Physical separation from impurities used for very un reactive metals, pyrometallurgy which is the heating with carbon used for moderately reactive metals, and electrolysis used for reactive metals
During electrolysis, where do electrons flow?
From the negative terminal of the battery towards the positive terminal
