Minerals to Metals Part 2 Flashcards
What are valence electrons and what do they do?
Electrons in the outer shell which give elements their properties
What do minerals have?
A fixed chemical composition and known formula
What is the most common metal in the Earth’s crust?
Aluminium
What are the properties and uses of aluminium?
It is of low toxicity and used for lightweight food packaging in cans or foil
What is silver used for?
Photographic film, jewellery, silverware and mirrors
What is gold used for?
Jewellery and electrical connections that do not corrode
What are the properties and uses of iron?
Strong structural material, used for bridges, cars, buildings, tools and appliances
What are the properties and uses of copper?
Excellent thermal and electrical conductor, low reactivity, used in wiring and pipes where it does not corrode
What are the properties and uses of lead?
Malleable and not reactive in water, used in car batteries and roofing
What are the properties and uses of titanium?
Low reactivity, non-toxic, density of aluminium and strength of steel, used for lightweight applications such as artificial body parts and golf clubs
What is 50% of the world’s zinc used for?
Galvanisation, used to coat iron or steel to increase corrosion resistance
What is zinc oxide used in?
Sunscreen
What are minerals?
Naturally occurring inorganic solids with a crystalline structure
What are ores?
Concentrations of minerals in a rock that are high enough to be economically extracted for use
What is the relationship between minerals and ores?
All ores are minerals but not all minerals are ores
