Minerals Flashcards
1
Q
Major Minerals
A
.
2
Q
Trace Elements
A
.
3
Q
Calcium (Ca2+)
A
.
4
Q
Calcium (Ca2+) Deficiency
A
.
5
Q
Calcium Toxicity
A
.
6
Q
Phosphorus (P)
A
.
7
Q
Phosphorus (P) Deficiency
A
.
8
Q
Phosphorus (P)Toxicity
A
.
9
Q
Magnesium (Mg) Deficiency
A
.
10
Q
Magnesium (Mg) Toxicity
A
.
11
Q
Sodium (Na)
A
.
12
Q
Potassium (K)
A
.
13
Q
Chloride (Cl)
A
.
14
Q
Sulfur
A
.
15
Q
Iron
A
.
16
Q
Deficiency of Iron
A
.
17
Q
Toxicity of iron
A
.
18
Q
Iodine (I)
A
.
19
Q
Deficiency of Iodine
A
.
20
Q
Toxicity of Iodine
A
.
21
Q
Zinc (Zn)
A
.
22
Q
Deficiency of zinc
A
.
23
Q
Toxicity of Zinc
A
.
24
Q
Copper (Cu)
A
.
25
Deficiency of Copper (Cu)
.
26
Toxicity of Cupper
.
27
Treatment of Toxicity of Cupper
.
28
Manganese (Mn)
.
29
Deficiency of Manganese
.
30
Chromium (Cr)
.
31
Cobalt (Co)
.
32
Deficiency Cobalt (Co)
.
33
Toxicity of cobalt
.
34
Selenium (Se)
.
35
Deficiency of Selenium
.
36
Toxicity of Selenium
L
37
Molybdenum (Mo)
.
38
Fluoride (F)
.
39
Muscle contraction
.
40
Cell permeability
.
41
Nerve function
.
42
phospholipase A2 & α-amylase
.
43
Carpopedal spasm (foot cramp
.
44
Rickets and osteomalacia
.
45
Component of DNA, RNA, phospholipids
.
46
bone disease
.
47
hypoparathyroidism
.
48
ATP kinases), thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzymes
.
49
Smooth muscle action
.
50
required for Ca2+ uptake from the gut
.
51
Component of chlorophyll
.
52
muscle cramps
.
53
tremor
.
54
patients taking thiazide diuretics, cisplatin
.
55
Impairment of neuromuscular transmission
.
56
Inhibition of acetylcholine release to produce “curare-like” action (progressive
paralysis)
.
57
predominant extracellular cation
.
58
Acid-base balance
.
59
predominant intracellular cation
.
60
Major anion in extracellular fluid
.
61
Gastric hydrochloride → digestion
.
62
Obtained in the diet as the amino acid cysteine and methionine
.
63
Enzyme activity and energy metabolism (-SH
.
64
Detoxification reactions
.
65
Component of heme
.
66
Constituent of oxidases CYP P 450, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide synthase
.
67
Hemochromatosis
.
68
Synthesis of thyroxine
.
69
Goiter
.
70
Hypothyroidism
.
71
Cretinism
.
72
hyperthyroidism
.
73
Large volumes of milk and starch solution with 1% Potassium thiosulfate.
.
74
Support healthy immune system, wound healing, male organs (testes).
.
75
Hypogeusia
.
76
Hypogonadism
.
77
Impaired wound healing
;
78
Brass-founder’s ague
.
79
• Essential for enzymes: metalloprotein enzymes .
.
80
Menke’s disease (X-linked)
.
81
Wilson’s disease
.
82
penicillamine
.
83
Poisoning effect results from mining of ores
.
84
Transient dermatitis
.
85
Synergetic action with vitamin E
.
86
Whitening of finger beds
.
87
Keshan disease (China)
.
88
Required by: oxidase enzymes, xanthine oxidase
(e.g xanthine oxidase (milk), aldehyde oxidase,
sulfite dehydrogenase, nitrate reductase)
/
89
dental carries
.
