Microbiology 21 - Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of acyclovir?

A

Guanosine analogue that prevents elongation of DNA

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2
Q

Which viruses is acyclovir particularly useful for?

A

VZV

HSV 1 + 2

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3
Q

Which antiviral is used in HSV encephalitis?

A

High dose IV acyclovir

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4
Q

What is ganciclovir used for?

A

Pretty much only for treatment of CMV in the imunocompromised and neonates

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5
Q

What is the main side effect of ganciclovir?

A

Bone marrow toxicity

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6
Q

When is foscarnet used?

A

To treat CMV in patients where ganciclovir is contra-indicated (eg neutropaenic patients)

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7
Q

Which antiviral is most useful for treating RSV (bronchiolitis in children)?

A

Ribavarin - but there is a lack of good evidence for its efficacy

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8
Q

What drug is given to infant groups at high risk of RSV?

A

Palivizumab

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9
Q

Which antiviral is most useful for treating haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in covid?

A

Anakinra (IL-1 receptor agonist)

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10
Q

What is the best treatment for paediatric adenovirus infection?

A

Combination of cidofovir and IV Ig

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11
Q

What treatment can clear chronic hep B in 3-7% of patients?

A

48 week course of pergolated interferon gamma

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