Microbiology 21 - Antivirals Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of acyclovir?
Guanosine analogue that prevents elongation of DNA
Which viruses is acyclovir particularly useful for?
VZV
HSV 1 + 2
Which antiviral is used in HSV encephalitis?
High dose IV acyclovir
What is ganciclovir used for?
Pretty much only for treatment of CMV in the imunocompromised and neonates
What is the main side effect of ganciclovir?
Bone marrow toxicity
When is foscarnet used?
To treat CMV in patients where ganciclovir is contra-indicated (eg neutropaenic patients)
Which antiviral is most useful for treating RSV (bronchiolitis in children)?
Ribavarin - but there is a lack of good evidence for its efficacy
What drug is given to infant groups at high risk of RSV?
Palivizumab
Which antiviral is most useful for treating haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in covid?
Anakinra (IL-1 receptor agonist)
What is the best treatment for paediatric adenovirus infection?
Combination of cidofovir and IV Ig
What treatment can clear chronic hep B in 3-7% of patients?
48 week course of pergolated interferon gamma