Immunology 9 - Hypersensitivity disorders (Path Guide) Flashcards

1
Q

Against what are antibodies directed in HDN?

A

Rhesus antigens on neonatal erythrocytes

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2
Q

.

A

.

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3
Q

Against what are antibodies directed in ITP?

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa on platelets

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4
Q

Against what are antibodies directed in pemphigus vulgaris?

A

desmoglein 1 & 3

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5
Q

Against what are antibodies directed in acute rheumatic fever?

A

M proteins on Group A strep

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6
Q

What tests can be used to diagnosis myasthenia gravis?

A

Anti nAch-R Ab
Abnormal EMG
Tensilon test

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7
Q

How is the tensilon test performed?

A

Injection of reversible acetylcholine esterase inhibitor

Patient with MG will experience increased strength and endurance with repetitive movements

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8
Q

Recall some treatments for myasthenia gravis

A

Neostigmine

Pyridostigmine

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9
Q

How should eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis be treated?

A

Corticosteroids
Azathioprine
Cyclophosphamide

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10
Q

How should granulomatosis with polyangiitis be treated?

A

Corticosteroids
Cyclophosphamide
Co-trimoxazole

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11
Q

Livedo reticularis is seen in which of the vasculitides?

A

Microscopic polyangiitis

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12
Q

Against what are antibodies directed in mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia?

A

IgG +/- HepC antigens

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13
Q

Recall the symptoms of mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia

A

Arthralgia
Splenomegaly
Skin, nerve and kidney involvement
Association with Hep C

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14
Q

Recall the symptoms of serum sickness

A

Rashes, pruritis, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, fever and malaise, 7-12 days following exposure to penicillin

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15
Q

How can serum sickness be diagnosed?

A

Decreased C3

Blood shows immune complexes or signs of blood vessel inflammation

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16
Q

Which antigens are involved in polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Hep B + C viral antigens

17
Q

In what type III hypersensitivity disorder might the ‘rosary sign’ be seen, and what is this sign?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

CT finding showing adenomyosis of the gallbladder - similar to pearl necklace sign

18
Q

Recall the symptoms/signs of SLE

A
ARMADA SHIPS
Arthritis
Raynaud's/ renal findings
Malar rash
ANA positive
Discoid rash
Apthous ulcers
Serositis
Haematology findings
Immunology (anti-dsDNA, anti-sm)
Photosensitivity
Seizures
19
Q

Recall some drugs that can cause drug-induced SLE

A

Hydralyzine (hypertension)
Isoniazid (TB)
Procainamide (cardiac arrhythmias)

20
Q

What is the defininitive diagnostic test for MS?

A

LP –> CSF showing oligoclonal bands of IgG on electrophoresis

21
Q

Recall the pharmacological treatments for MS

A

Corticosteroids

IFN beta

22
Q

Recall the antibodies involved in Sjogren’s syndrome

A

Anti-Ro

Anti-La

23
Q

Recall the antibodies involved in polymyositis/ dermatomyositis

A

Anti-Jo-1

24
Q

What are the HLA associations of coeliac?

A

HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 (two eight or not to eat?)

25
Q

Recall the antibodies involved in autoimmune hepatitis

A

Anti-smooth muscle
Anti-LKM-1
Anti soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA)

26
Q

What is anti-U1RNP (speckled pattern) associated with?

A

Mixed connective tissue disease (including SLE)

27
Q

What antibody is involved in primary biliary cirrhosis?

A

Anti-mitochondrial