Chemical Pathology 19 - Lipid Update Flashcards
What is the statistical mortality benefit of adding a thiazide diuretic to outstanding BP medications, following an MI?
Worth it, as 2 in 100 will be prevented from a further MI in the next 5 years
What is the statistical mortality benefit of adding a PCSK9 inhibitor to outstanding BP medications, following an MI?
Decreases incidence of non-fatal MI, but does not reduce death
Give an example of a PCSK9 inhibitor medication, and how it works
Evolocumab
Regulates LDL-receptor recycling to reduce cholesterol
What did the UKPDS study show?
That it takes 15 years for good glucose control to show a benefit
What did the Advance study show?
Slightly less intense intervention into glucose control actually reduce death compared to super-intense intervention
What did the Accord study show?
If you take someone who already has knackered coronary arteries and suddenly tighten glucose control, motality actually increases
What did the DCCT show?
Good control in type 1 diabetes improves outcome
What makes SGLT2 inhibitors such a fabulous drug class according to Meeran?
Reduce HbA1c, BP, weight, type 2 diabetes incidence and cardiovascular disease, with immediate effect!
What is the broad mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors?
They cause glycosuria
Give an example of a GLP-1 analogue drug
Semaglutide
What is the mechanism of action of the ‘gliptin’ drugs?
DPP4 inhibitors