Chemical Pathology 19 - Lipid Update Flashcards

1
Q

What is the statistical mortality benefit of adding a thiazide diuretic to outstanding BP medications, following an MI?

A

Worth it, as 2 in 100 will be prevented from a further MI in the next 5 years

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2
Q

What is the statistical mortality benefit of adding a PCSK9 inhibitor to outstanding BP medications, following an MI?

A

Decreases incidence of non-fatal MI, but does not reduce death

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3
Q

Give an example of a PCSK9 inhibitor medication, and how it works

A

Evolocumab

Regulates LDL-receptor recycling to reduce cholesterol

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4
Q

What did the UKPDS study show?

A

That it takes 15 years for good glucose control to show a benefit

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5
Q

What did the Advance study show?

A

Slightly less intense intervention into glucose control actually reduce death compared to super-intense intervention

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6
Q

What did the Accord study show?

A

If you take someone who already has knackered coronary arteries and suddenly tighten glucose control, motality actually increases

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7
Q

What did the DCCT show?

A

Good control in type 1 diabetes improves outcome

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8
Q

What makes SGLT2 inhibitors such a fabulous drug class according to Meeran?

A

Reduce HbA1c, BP, weight, type 2 diabetes incidence and cardiovascular disease, with immediate effect!

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9
Q

What is the broad mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors?

A

They cause glycosuria

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10
Q

Give an example of a GLP-1 analogue drug

A

Semaglutide

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of the ‘gliptin’ drugs?

A

DPP4 inhibitors

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