Micro 4- Pathogenic properties and control mechanisms Flashcards
1
Q
what are cytopathic effects? (CPE)
A
are visible effects of viral infection on a cell
2
Q
list of CPE- pathogenic properties of viruses
A
- stopping cell synthesis
- causing cell lysosomes to release enzymes
- changing host cell function or inducing chromosomal changes
- inducing antigenic changes on the cell surface
- loss of contact inhibition in the cell, leading to cancer
- producing interferons to protect uninfected cells
- creating inclusion bodies in the cell cytoplasm
- fusing cells to create syncytium
3
Q
3 host defense mechanisms
A
- interferons
- antibodies
- cell mediated immunity
4
Q
what are interferons?
A
cytokines produced by lymphocytes and macrophages, have antiviral activity
5
Q
effect of IFN-a and IFN- b
A
produced in response to viral infections, cause neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins (AVPs) that interfere with viral replication
6
Q
IFN- y
A
induces neutrophils and macrophages to kill bacteria
7
Q
antigen-antibody complex forms when
A
antibodies bind to antigens
- block attachment of viruses to host cells
- cause viruses to agglutinate
8
Q
cell-mediated immunity
A
- cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) recognizes and kills self-cells altered by infection
- destroys virus-infected and cancer cells
9
Q
vaccination
A
- provokes a primary immune response
- leads to the formation of antibodies and long-term memory cells
- stimulated memory cells produce a rapid, intense secondary response
10
Q
antimicrobial biocides
A
- lipid-soluble, most likely effective against envelope virus
- fewer biocides are active against non-enveloped viruses
