MEASLES Flashcards
Measles normally occur between which ages
3 months to 3 years
Mealses prevention
2 doses of measles vaccine at 9 and 18 months
When is measles very infectious
From up to 7 days before, to 5 days after appearance of the rash
Complications of measles
Otitis media
Bronchopneumonia
Croup
Diarrhea
Vitamin A deficiency leading to xerophthalmia and blindness
Malnutrition
Activation of latent tuberculosis
Symptoms of measles
Runny nose
Cough
Red eyes
Sore mouth
High fever, present before the rash appears
Rash - starts on the face and neck
Diarrhea
Child is generally miserable
Signs of measles
Fever
Conjunctivitis
Koplik spots
Rash
Nature of rash in measles
Itchy, generalised maco-papular
Koplik spots
White grain-like spots on the buccal mucosa 2 days before rash
Investigations in measles
Measles IgM antibody assay if required
Treatment objectives in measles
To relieve symptoms
To maintain good nutrition
To prevent and treat complications
Non-pharmacological interventions in measles
Tepid sponging for fever
Encourage oral hygiene with frequent saline mouth wash
Continue feeding with soft high calorie foods
Wash eyes with clean water
Discourage use of harsh items on skin
Pharmacological management of measles
For pain and fever
Paracetamol
Prevention of eye complications due to Vitamin A deficiency
Vitamin A oral
Management of associated diarrhoea with dehydration
Management of associated pneumonia and otitis media
For relief of skin irritation
Calamine lotion
